驻马店市居民用药风险的影响因素

Influencing factors of medication risk among residents in Zhumadian city

目的:分析驻马店市居民用药风险的影响因素。方法:2021年4—12月运用随意抽样方法选取驻马店市1个行政区、9个县区的439名常住居民作为研究对象,采用《中国居民用药行为风险KAP调查问卷》评估居民用药风险,采用最优尺度回归分析居民用药KAP的影响因素。结果:共发放问卷439份,其中有效问卷405份,剔除不合格问卷34份,有效回收率92.26%(405/439)。调查对象中女性占比(57.28%)较高,以19~34岁(59.51%)为主,月收入水平主要集中在2001~4000元(28.64%),城镇居民(51.85%)为主,主要为社会基本医疗保险(82.72%),受教育程度以本科(53.83%)为主,工作状况以在职(61.23%)为主,职业以学生(28.89%)为主。居民用药知识平均得分为(55.74±15.72)分,整体评分为优秀;50岁以上、偏低月收入(月收入2000元及以下)、文化程度较低(小学/初中)、自由职业的居民用药知识得分均高于其余人群,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。居民用药行为平均得分为(53.34±8.83)分,整体评分为良好;不同性别、年龄、月收入、居住地、医疗保障状况、受教育程度、工作状况、职业的居民用药行为得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。居民用药态度平均得分为(32.67±6.09)分,得分优秀22名(5.43%),良好160名(39.51%),有待提高160名(39.51%),整体评分为良好;不同性别、年龄、月收入、居住地、医疗保障状况、受教育程度、工作状况、职业的居民用药态度得分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。最优尺度回归分析结果显示,年龄、月收入、医疗保障状况、受教育程度、工作状况和职业均为居民用药知识的影响因素(P<0.05),工作状况为居民用药行为的影响因素(P<0.05),月收入和职业均为居民用药态度的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:年龄、月收入、医疗保障状况、受教育程度、工作状况和职业均为居民用药知识的影响因素,月收入、职业均为居民用药态度的影响因素,工作状况为居民用药行为的影响因素。

Objective:To analyze influencing factors of medication risk among residents in Zhumadian city.Methods:From April to December 2021,a random sampling method was used to select 439 permanent residents from 1 administrative region and 9 counties in Zhumadian city as the research objects.The KAP questionnaire of medication behavior risk in Chinese residents was used to evaluate the medication risk of these residents.The optimal scaling regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the residents’medication KAP.Results:A total of 439 questionnaires were distributed,including 405 valid questionnaires,and 34 unqualified questionnaires were excluded.The effective response rate was 92.26%(405/439).Among the surveyed subjects,the proportion of women was high(57.28%),and these subjects were mainly aged 19-34(59.51%)with a monthly income level mainly concentrated in 2001-4000 yuan(28.64%);they were urban residents(51.85%)with mainly social basic medical insurance(82.72%);the undergraduate education(53.83%)was as the main education level,the working status was mainly in-service(61.23%),and the occupation was mainly students(28.89%).The average score of the residents’medication knowledge was(55.74±15.72)points,and the overall score was excellent.The scores of medication knowledge of the residents over 50 years old,with low income(monthly income≤2000 yuan)and low education level(primary school/junior high school),and as freelance were higher than those of the rest,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05)The average score of residents’medication behavior was(53.34±8.83)points,and the overall score was good.There were no statistically significant differences in the medication behavior score among the residents of different genders,ages,monthly income,place of residence,medical security status,education level,work status,and occupation(P>0.05).The average score of residents attitudes towards medication was(32.67±6.09),with 22 people(5.43%)scoring excellent and 160 people(39.51%)scoring good.It should be improved 160 people(39.51%),and the overall score was good.There were no statistically significant differences in the medication attitude score among the resident with different genders,ages,monthly income,place of residence,medical security status,education level,work status,and occupation(P>0.05).The optimal scaling regression analysis showed that age,monthly income,medical security status,education level,work status and occupation was the influencing factors of the residents’medication knowledge(P<0.05);work status was the influencing factor of the residents’medication behavior(P<0.05);and monthly income and occupation were the influencing factors of the residents’medication attitude(P<0.05).Conclusions:Age,monthly income,medical security status,education level,work status;occupation are the influencing factors of the residents’medication knowledge;monthly income and occupation are the influencing factors of the residents’medication attitude;and work status is the influencing factor of the residents’medication behavior.