知信行健康教育护理在冠状动脉旁路移植术患者中的应用效果

Application effects of knowledge-attitude-practice health education nursing in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting

目的:观察知信行健康教育护理在冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)患者中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2021年3月至2022年2月该院收治的92例CABG患者的临床资料,按照护理方法不同将其分为观察组与对照组各46例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施知信行健康教育护理,两组均护理至患者出院。比较两组护理依从率,护理前后应对方式[医学应对问卷(MCMQ)]评分、自护能力[自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)]评分,护理满意度,以及主要心血管不良事件发生率。结果:观察组护理依从率为95.65%(44/46),高于对照组的78.26%(36/46),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,观察组面对评分高于对照组,回避、屈服评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,观察组自我概念、自我责任感、自我护理技能、健康知识水平等ESCA各维度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理满意度为97.83%(45/46),高于对照组的82.61%(38/46),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组心脏不良事件发生率为4.35%(2/46),低于对照组的19.57%(9/46),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在常规护理基础上实施知信行健康教育护理可提高CABG患者护理依从率、自护能力评分和护理满意度,改善应对方式评分,降低主要心血管不良事件发生率,效果优于单纯常规护理。

Objective:To observe application effects of knowledge-attitude-practice health education nursing in patients with coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).Methods:The clinical data of 92 patients with CABG admitted to this hospital from March 2021 to February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different nursing methods,they were divided into observation group and control group,46 cases in each.The control group was given routine nursing,while the observation group was given the knowledge-attitude-practice health education nursing on the basis of that of the control group.Both groups were nursed until the patients were discharged.The nursing compliance rate,the coping style[medical coping questionnaire(MCMQ)]score,the self-care ability[exercise of self-care agency scale(ESCA)]score,the nursing satisfaction,and the major adverse cardiovascular events were compared between the two groups before and after the nursing.Results:The nursing compliance rate of the observation group was 95.65%(44/46),which was higher than 78.26%(36/46)of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After the nursing,the face score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,the avoidance and yield scores were lower than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After the nursing,the scores of ESCA dimensions such as self-concept,self-responsibility,self-care skills and health knowledge level in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was 97.83%(45/46),which was higher than 82.61%(38/46)of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the incidence of adverse cardiac events in the observation group was 4.35%(2/46),which was lower than 19.57%(9/46)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:The knowledge-attitude-practice health education nursing on the basis of the routine nursing can improve the nursing compliance rate,the self-care ability scores and the nursing satisfaction of the CABG patients,improve the coping style scores,and reduce the major adverse cardiovascular events.Moreover,it is superior to single routine nursing.