ICU早期离床活动现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Early Bed Leaving Activities in ICU

目的:了解早期离床活动在ICU的开展情况并分析阻碍早期离床活动的因素。方法:选取2021年1—12月福建省某三级甲等综合医院ICU收治的178名重症患者作为研究对象,通过设计早期离床活动记录单进行登记,调查早期离床活动开展状况并通过自制的早期活动记录单分析阻碍重症患者早期离床活动的原因。结果:ICU开展早期离床活动29人,离床率为16.3%。单因素分析结果显示,阻碍ICU早期离床活动的因素包括机械通气、高危管道数量、镇静药物的使用、血管活性药物的使用、采用连续性肾脏替代治疗(CRRT)、认知障碍以及对早期活动知识的认知度。二元logistic回归分析结果显示,机械通气、镇静药物使用、血管活性药物使用、CRRT使用、认知功能、护理人员早期活动知识的认知度是阻碍ICU患者早期离床活动的影响因素。结论:ICU早期离床活动开展率较低,阻碍早期离床活动影响因素包括机械通气、镇静药物的使用、血管活性药物的使用及CRRT的使用。

Objective:To understand the implementation of early bed leaving activities in the ICU and to analyze the factors that hinder early bed leaving activities.Methods:178 critically ill patients admitted to the ICU of a tertiary general hospital in Fujian Province from January to December 2021 were selected as the study subjects.By designing an early bed departure activity record sheet for registration,the status of early bed departure activity development was investigated and the reasons hindering early bed departure activity in critically ill patients were analyzed by using a homemade early activity record sheet.Results:Early bed leaving activities were carried out in the ICU for 29 people with a bed leaving rate of 16.3%.The results of univariate analysis showed that factors that hindered early ICU activity away from bed included mechanical ventilation,number of high-risk tubes,use of sedative medications,use of vasoactive medications,use of continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT),cognitive impairment,and knowledge of early activity.The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that mechanical ventilation,sedative medication use,vasoactive medication use,CRRT use,cognitive function,and awareness of caregivers’knowledge of early activity were influential factors that hindered early bed departure activity in ICU patients.Conclusion:The rate of early bed leaving activity in ICU is low,and the factors that hinder the influence of early bed leaving activity include mechanical ventilation,use of sedative drugs,use of vasoactive drugs and use of CRRT.