小麦品种鹤麦1310高产稳产性及产量构成因素分析

Analysis of High and Stable Yield and Yield Component Factors of Wheat Variety Hemai 1310

为全面了解小麦品种鹤麦1310品种特性和推广应用价值,根据河南省小麦品种试验南部组2016~2018年区域试验和2017~2018年生产试验的产量数据,对鹤麦1310的丰产性、稳产性和适应性进行评价,并利用变异分析、相关分析和回归分析对产量构成因素与产量的关系进行分析。结果表明:2016~2018年2 a区域试验,鹤麦1310平均产量为4985.3 kg/hm^(2),较对照偃展4110增产8.45%,增产点率93.8%;2017~2018年生产试验,鹤麦1310平均产量为5230.5 kg/hm^(2),较对照偃展4110增产5.60%。鹤麦1310区域试验和生产试验的高稳系数均高于对照,平均高稳系数较对照高4.11百分点,具有小的变异系数以及大的高稳系数和适应度,表现出良好的丰产稳产性和适应性。鹤麦1310产量构成三要素与产量的变异分析、相关分析和回归分析结果一致表明,有效穗数是影响鹤麦1310产量的主要因素,其次是穗粒数,千粒重对产量的影响最小。综合分析认为,鹤麦1310是一个具有高产潜力、稳产性强的品种,生产上可以通过适当增加群体数量提高有效穗数来进一步挖掘其高产潜力。

In order to comprehensively understand the characteristics and promotion application value of the wheat variety Hemai 1310,based on the yield data of the southern group of wheat variety regional tests in 2016-2018 and production test in 2017-2018 in Henan Province,the high yield,stable yield,and adaptabili-ty of Hemai 1310 were evaluated,and the relationship between yield components and yield was analyzed using variance analysis,correlation analysis,and regression analysis.The results showed that from 2016 to 2018,the average yield of Hemai 1310 in the 2-year regional tests was 4985.3 kg/hm^(2),which increased by 8.45%com-pared to the control Yanzhan 4110,with an increase rate of 93.8%.From 2017 to 2018,the average yield of Hemai 1310 was 5230.5 kg/hm^(2)in the production tests,which increased by 5.60%compared to the control Yanzhan 4110.The high stability coefficient of the regional and production tests of Hemai 1310 was higher than that of the control,with an average high stability coefficient 4.11 percentage points higher than that of the con-trol.It had a small variation coefficient,a large high stability coefficient,and adaptability,demonstrating good yield stability and adaptability.The results of the variance analysis,correlation analysis,and regression analysis of the three factors of yield and yield of Hemai 1310 showed that the effective number of ears was the main factor affecting the yield,followed by the number of grains per ear,and the impact of thousand grain weight on yield was the smallest.Based on compre-hensive analysis,it is believed that Hemai 1310 is a variety with high yield potential and strong stability.In production,its high yield potential can be further explored by appropriately increasing the population size and improving the effective number of ears.