京津冀一体化前后政策区空气质量评价与障碍因子分析

Air Quality Evaluation and Obstacle Factor Analysis in Policy Areas before and after Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Integration

基于北京、天津、河北2014年和2020年市级层面的数据,首先利用ArcGIS绘制京津冀一体化之政策实施前后各市污染物的分布状况,然后利用改进的熵权法评价各市的空气质量,最后利用障碍度因子模型分析影响京津冀地区空气质量的主要障碍因子。研究发现:京津冀一体化后区域城市群空气质量得到明显改善,且京津冀北部区域空气质量明显优于南部区域;氮氧化物是当前京津冀地区空气污染物的主要来源;河北省的空气质量与京津地区相比仍存在较大差距。基于以上结果,建议:优化京津冀地区,尤其是河北省的产业结构,发挥技术创新在污染防治中的重要作用;加强河北省内部创新能力,同时强化京津对河北省的技术支持,平衡区域内部发展差距。研究结论对于未来京津冀环境污染防治具有重要的借鉴意义。

Based on the municipal data of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei in 2014 and 2020,ArcGIS was used to map the distribution of pollutants in each city before and after the implementation of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration policy.Then entropy weight method was used to evaluate the air quality of each city.Finally,obstacle factor model was used to analyze the main obstacle factors affecting the air quality of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.The results show that:(1)the air quality of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration has been significantly improved after the integration,and the air quality of the northern region of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei is significantly better than that of the southern region;(2)Nitrogen oxides are the main source of air pollutants in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region;(3)There is still a big gap between the air quality of Hebei Province and that of Beijing and Tianjin.Based on the above results,it is suggested that:(1)Optimize the industrial structure of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,especially Hebei Province,and give play to the important role of technological innovation in pollution prevention;(2)Strengthen the internal innovation capacity of Hebei Province,and strengthen the technical support of Beijing and Tianjin to Hebei Province to balance the development gap within the region.The conclusion of this study has important reference significance for the future environmental pollution prevention and control of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.