关系对教育公平及共同富裕的影响——基于利用关系入学的个案研究

The Impact of Relationships on Educational Equity and Common Prosperity——Case Studies Based on the Use of Relationships for School Enrollment

不少西方社会学界学者认为,纵联社会资本可联接来自高阶层的资源。在中国的人情社会中,人情关系对教育公平和实现共同富裕有影响。通过对两个家长为子女入学找关系的个案研究发现,入学资源常掌握在中产阶层手中,农民工找关系需要“跨阶层”,回报期望低,通常难以成功。而城市中产阶层在同阶层中找关系,回报期望高、人情链长,因此成功率高。而人情关系增加阶层内部的社会封闭,纵联社会资本在人情社会中也很难实现。文化资本的培育受到父辈社会资本及所处阶层的影响。人情关系影响教育公平,并形成文化和阶层再生产,不利于共同富裕目标的实现。

Many Western sociological scholars believe that vertical social capital can connect re-sources from higher classes.In Chinese society of personal relationships,personal relationships have an impact on educational equity and the realization of common prosperity.Through the case studies of two parents seeking relationships for their children’s enrollment,it is found that enrollment resources are often in the hands of the middle class,and that migrant workers need to“cross class lines”to find relationships with low expectations of returns and great difficulties to succeed.On the other hand,the urban middle class has a high success rate because of high expectations for returns and a long chain of personal relationships within the same class.However,personal relationships add to social clo-sure within the class,and it is difficult to realize the vertical social capital in a society of personal relationships.The cultivation of cultural capital is influenced by the social capital of parents and their social class.Personal relationships affect educational equity and form cultural and class reproduction,which is not conducive to the realization of the goal of common prosperity.