基于离轴四反的空间引力波探测激光发射望远镜设计

Design theory and method of off-axis four-mirror telescope for space-based gravitational-wave mission

用于空间引力波探测的星载望远镜在航天器间进行激光的传输以支持精密干涉测量系统,因此望远镜的光程稳定性已经成为一项关键的技术指标。在此系统中,光瞳像差与传统的像平面像差相比在了解系统光程稳定性需求、评价望远镜成像质量以及抑制抖动光程耦合噪声等方面可提供更深刻的见解。本文基于传统像平面像差理论和光瞳像差理论,建立了望远镜的初始结构,然后利用光学软件Zemax的宏编程实现了光瞳像差和像平面像差的自动校正,从而实现了高性能星载望远镜的设计,仿真结果显示满足天琴任务的需求。

The telescopes for space-based gravitational wave detection are used to transmit the laser beam between spacecraft to support the precise interference measurement system.Therefore,the optical path stability of the telescope has become a crucial technical parameter.In this system,pupil aberrations provide deeper insights compared to traditional image plane aberrations in understanding optical path stability requirements,evaluating telescope imaging quality,and suppressing tilt-to-length coupling noise.Based on the theory of traditional imaging aberration and pupil aberration theory,the initial structure of the telescope is established,and the automatic correction of pupil aberration and image plane aberration is achieved through macro programming in the commercial optical software Zemax,thus achieving the design of a high-performance spaceborne telescope.Simulation results demonstrate that the design can meets the requirements of the TianQin mission.