基于稀疏阵列天线的FMCW雷达测距系统设计

Design of FMCW Radar Ranging System Based on Sparse Array Antenna

针对FMCW雷达的优势和特点,基于BGT24MTR11收发芯片,采用线性调频连续波的方式,设计并实现了一款工作于24 GHz的雷达测距系统。首先设计了一款基于遗传算法优化的低副瓣稀疏阵列天线,该阵列天线作为雷达测距系统的收发天线,该天线具有窄波束和极低副瓣电平的特点,使得系统的抗干扰能力得以提升。再采用硬件电路生成三角波调制信号,用于驱动压控振荡器实现线性连续调频波。然后利用微带线实现了输入输出匹配网络和输出功率合成网络的设计。最后利用示波器完成中频信号处理。测试结果表明,系统在1 m~10 m范围内的误差小于0.1 m,并且在40 cm~130 cm范围内的误差小于5 cm。该系统性能稳定、成本较低,可为24 GHz雷达测距系统提供设计参考。

In view of the advantages and characteristics of FMCW radar,based on BGT24MTR11 transceiver chip,using linear frequency modulation continuous wave,a radar ranging system is designed and implemented at 24 GHz.Firstly,a low side lobe sparse array anten-na optimized by genetic algorithm is designed as the transceiver antenna of radar ranging system.The antenna has the characteristics of narrow beam and extremely low side lobe level,which improves the anti-jamming ability of the system.Then a hardware circuit is used to generate triangular wave modulation signal,which is used to drive the VCO to achieve linear continuous frequency modulation.Subse-quently,the input-output matching network and output power synthesis network are designed by using microstrip lines.Finally,IF signal processing is completed by oscilloscope.The test results show that the error of the system is less than 0.1m in the range of 1 m to 10 m,and the error is less than 5 cm in the range of 40 cm-130 cm.The system has stable performance and low cost,which can provide de-sign reference for 24 GHz radar ranging system.