从六胡州到河阳:新出唐粟特裔武将石磨咄墓志研究

From Liuhuzhou to Heyang:A Study of the Newly Discovered Epitaph of the Sogdian-born General Shi Moduo in the Tang Dynasty

新出《石磨咄墓志》记载了唐代突厥化粟特人石磨咄的家族世系、仕宦经历。石磨咄曾祖石恒裕为六胡州中的丽州都督,祖父石希昂任朔方军节度副使,父石奉超生活于开元、天宝年间。石磨咄于唐代宗时期从军,曾参与朔方军的边境作战。河阳镇成立后,石磨咄转投河阳军,长期参与河阳军对抗其他叛乱藩镇的战争,仕至河阳节度副兵马使。《石磨咄墓志》塑造了石磨咄家族的精忠形象,也反映了六胡州粟特人之上层在安史之乱后的迁徙。与朝廷将石磨咄定为粟特人不同,《石磨咄墓志》作者更强调了石磨咄的北族背景。

The newly unearthed Epitaph of Shi Moduo(石磨咄)records his family lineage and official experience.Shi Moduo was a Turkized Sogdian.His great-grandfather Shi Hengyu(石恒裕)was the governor of Lizhou(丽州)in Liuhuzhou(六胡州).Shi Moduo's grandfather Shi Xi'ang(石希昂)served as the deputy military commissioner of the Shuofang Jun.Shi Moduo's father Shi Fengchao(石奉超)lived in the Kaiyuan and Tianbao era.Shi Moduo joined the army during the reign of Emperor Dai zong and participated in borderland war of the Shuofang Jun.After the establishment of Heyang Fanzhen,Shi Moduo turned to the Heyang Jun and became the deputy commander.The Epitaph of Shi Moduo shaped the loyal image of his family,and also reflected the migration of the upper class of Sogdians in Liuhuzhou after the Rebellion of An Shi.Different from Tang Court who defined Shi Moduo as a Sogdian,the author of Shi Moduo's Epitaph emphasized the northern ethnic background of Shi Moduo.