基于技术不确定性的公共产品技术创新研发补贴策略研究

R&D Subsidy Strategy for Public Product Technological Innovation Based on Technological Uncertainty

公共部门在公共产品技术创新中利用企业已有的研发能力来进行技术获取,可以提高公共产品技术创新的水平和效率,还可以提高企业的技术创新能力。基于公共产品技术创新过程中存在的技术不确定性,研究了公共部门对企业的研发绩效补贴策略及研发投入补贴策略。经研究分析发现,两种研发补贴均能降低企业在参与公共产品技术创新过程中的技术可行性阈值,从而拓宽了企业开展研发活动的技术可行性范围,但在不同的条件下两种研发补贴策略对技术可行性阈值的降低程度不同。两种研发补贴均能提高企业研发绩效及社会公共效益,且当技术不确定性较低,或者企业研发能力较强时,公共部门在采取研发绩效补贴策略时单位补贴额带来的企业研发绩效及社会公共效益的增量会更高,公共部门更适合采取研发绩效补贴策略;当技术不确定性较高,或者企业研发能力较弱时,公共部门更适合采取研发投入补贴策略。

The public sector can utilize the existing research and development capabilities of enterprises to acquire technology in public product technological innovation,which can improve the level and efficiency of public product technological innovation and also enhance the technological innovation capabilities of enterprises.Based on the technological uncertainty in the process of public product technological innovation,this article studies the R&D performance subsidy strategy and R&D investment subsidy strategy of the public sector for enterprises.Through research and analysis,it was found that both types of R&D subsidies can reduce the technical feasibility threshold for enterprises to participate in the process of public product technological innovation,thereby expanding the scope of technical feasibility for enterprises to carry out R&D activities.However,under different conditions,the two R&D subsidy strategies have different degrees of reduction in the technical feasibility threshold.Both types of R&D subsidies can improve the R&D performance and social public benefits of enterprises.When technological uncertainty is low or the R&D ability of enterprises is strong,the increase in R&D performance and social public benefits brought by the unit subsidy amount when the public sector adopts the R&D performance subsidy strategy will be higher.The public sector is more suitable to adopt the R&D performance subsidy strategy.When there is high technological uncertainty or weak R&D capabilities of enterprises,the public sector is more suitable to adopt R&D investment subsidy strategies.