南京市2021年放射工作人员职业健康状况分析

Analysis on Occupational Health Status of Radiation Workers in Nanjing City in 2021

选取2021年在南京市职业病防治院参加职业健康检查的4258名放射工作人员为研究对象,收集相关资料信息,按不同特征分组对职业健康检查结果进行分析。结果表明:(1)不同年龄分组中,血常规、晶状体、肾功能异常检出率差异无统计学意义。甲状腺功能、血压、心电图、胸片、血糖、肝功能异常检出率随年龄增加而增高,差异有统计学意义。(2)不同放射工龄组间血常规、血压、胸片、心电图、血糖、肝功能异常检出率差异有统计学意义;与放射工龄1~<5年组比较,5~<10年组血常规异常检出率明显增高。(3)不同职业分类组间血常规、甲状腺功能、血压、胸片、血糖、肝功能异常检出率差异有统计学意义。其中血常规异常检出率以放射治疗组最高(10.7%),甲状腺功能、肝功能异常检出率以核医学组最高(12.8%,23.4%),血压、胸片、血糖异常检出率均以测井组最高。(4)女性放射工作人员血常规、甲状腺功能异常检出率较男性明显增高,男性血压、心电图、胸片、血糖、肝功能异常检出率较女性明显增高;女性白细胞计数(WBC)及血红蛋白含量(Hb)异常检出率较男性明显增高,PLT及RBC较男性无明显差异。(5)在岗期间和离岗时放射工作人员各项检查结果比较,差异无统计学意义。结论认为,放射工作人员长期接触低剂量电离辐射会造成机体损伤,低剂量电离辐射对相关人员的健康影响仍需重视。加强防护监管,定期职业健康检查有助于保护放射工作人员健康。

A total of 4258 radiation workers who participated in occupational health examination in Nanjing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases in 2021 were selected as the study objects.Relevant data and information were collected,and the results of occupational health examination were analyzed for different occupational groups.The results are showed as follows:(1)There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of abnormal routine blood,lens and renal function among different age groups.There were statistically significant differences in the detection rates of thyroid function,blood pressure,electrocardiogram,chest film,blood glucose and liver function abnormalities.(2)There were statistically significant differences in the detection rates of routine blood,blood pressure,chestradiography,electrocardiogram,blood glucose and liver function abnormalities among different radiological working time groups;Compared with the radiological working time group of 1~<5 years,the detection rate of abnormal routine blood in the radiological working time group of 5~<10 years was significantly increased.(3)There were statistically significant differences in the detection rates of abnormal routine blood,thyroid function,blood pressure,chest radiography,blood glucose and liver function among different occupational groups.Among them,the detection rate of abnormal routine blood was the highest in radiotherapy group(10.7%),the detection rate of abnormal thyroid function and liver function was the highest in nuclear medicine group(12.8%and 23.4%),and the detection rate of abnormal blood pressure,chest film and blood sugar was the highest in logging group.(4)The detection rate of abnormal routine blood and thyroid function of female radiation workers was significantly higher than that of male,and the detection rate of abnormal blood pressure,electrocardiogram,chest film,blood sugar and liver function in male was significantly higher than that of female;The detection rates of abnormal WBC and Hb in females were significantly higher than those in males,and PLT and RBC were not significantly different from those in males.(5)There was no statistically significant difference between the examination results of radiological workers during and after work.It is concluded that the long-term exposure to low dose ionizing radiation may cause body damage,and the health effects of low dose ionizing radiation on related workers need to be cared for.Strengthening protective supervision and regular occupational health examination can help protect the health of radiation workers.