女儿国的神话传说、史实记载与俗文学虚构

Myths,Legends,Historical Facts,and Popular Literature Fiction of the Kingdom ofWomen

女儿国神话传说是我国流传广泛的神话传说之一。自汉代起,女儿国开始出现在正史记载中。对典籍中的女儿国进行分析,可以发现母系社会是女儿国神话产生的现实基础;女儿国感生神话中蕴含着先民原始思维;古代典籍中对女儿国的记载,带有他者视域下的记录与想象的特点。南宋开始,出现了大量涉及女儿国故事的俗文学,实现了女儿国由神话传说、史书记载向俗文学虚构的转移。俗文学中的女儿国可分为西游女儿国、西洋女儿国、镜花缘女儿国。三类女儿国故事的共同叙事模式,展示了男性文人视角下的他者想象。

The myth and legend of the kingdom of women is one of the myths and legends that circulate widely in our country.Since the Han Dynasty,the kingdom of women began to appear in official historical records.By analyzing the kingdom of women in the classics,we can find that the matriarchal society is the realistic foundation of the myth of the kingdom of women.The myth of the kingdom of women contains the primitive thinking of the ancestors.The records of the kingdom of women in the ancient classics have the characteristics of recording and imagining under the perspective of others.From the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty,there appeared a large number of folk literature related to the story of kingdom of women,which realized the transfer from myth and legend to popular literature fiction.The kingdom of women in popular literature can be divided into the kingdom of women in Journey to the West,the kingdom of women Western literature,and the kingdom of women in The Marriage of Flowers in the Mirror.The common narrative mode of the three kinds of women's stories shows the imagination of the other from the perspective of male literati.