建筑木材防腐用褐煤蜡抽提试验研究

Experimental Study on Extraction of Lignite Wax for Anti-corrosion of Construction Wood

褐煤蜡对硼基木材的腐烂真菌具有良好的抑制性能,为解决建筑木材防腐性能需求高和褐煤资源利用价值低的问题,本文以黑龙江某褐煤为原料,在原煤煤质特征表征基础上,分别以乙醇、乙酸乙酯、二甲苯、环己烷为抽提剂抽提褐煤蜡。研究表明:原煤属“年轻褐煤”,以乙酸乙酯为抽提剂,在褐煤水分为9.18%、抽提固液比为1:5、抽提温度为60℃、抽提时间为4h的条件下,获得抽提产率为1.86%,抽提率为54.39%的褐煤蜡,其中主要含有长链脂肪酸、酯类等化合物,为我国建筑木材防腐用褐煤蜡的生产提供技术参考。

Lignite wax has a good inhibitory effect on the decay fungi of boron based wood,in order to solve the problems of high demand for anti-corrosion performance of construction wood and low utilization value of lignite resources,a lignite from Heilongjiang Province is used as raw material and ethanol,ethyl acetate,xylene and cyclohexane are used as extraction agents base on the characteristics of raw coal.The results show that the raw coal belongs to the“young lignite”.Finally,lignite wax extraction yield of 1.86%and extraction rate of 54.39% are obtained with ethyl acetate as extraction agent,lignite wax extraction yield of 9.18%,extraction solid-liquid ratio of 1:5,extraction temperature of 60℃ and extraction time of 4 h.The obtained lignite wax mainly contains long chain fatty acids,esters and other compounds,which provides technical reference for the production of brown coal wax for anti-corrosion of construction wood in China.