豫南大别山区脱贫前后的乡村发展能力比较研究——以信阳市为例

A Comparative Study on Rural Development Capacity Before and After Poverty Alleviation in the Dabie Mountain Area of Southern Henan——Taking Xinyang City as an Example

基于乡村发展能力的研究和实践需求,采用熵值法,从农业产业发展、农村基础建设、农民社会生活3个维度筛选出14个指标构建研究指标体系,对豫南大别山区信阳市10个县区脱贫前后乡村发展能力进行定量分析和结果对比。结果表明:受脱贫攻坚政策影响,2010—2021年信阳市八县两区乡村发展能力整体呈上升趋势,从0.186提升至0.595,年均增长11.15%;其中,县域乡村发展能力水平高于市区,研究期间均值从0.257提升至0.595,同期市区乡村发展能力值从0.186增加到0.413,仅分别为县域的72.37%、69.41%。2010—2021年浉河区乡村发展能力水平区间为0.186至0.377;同期平桥区为0.255至0.413;各县乡村发展能力水平属淮滨县最低(均值0.352)。政策制度、市场导向、社会组织是影响信阳市10个县区乡村发展能力的主要因素,多维因素共同驱动豫南大别山区县域空间单元乡村发展能力演化。

Based on the research and practice needs of rural development capacity,using the entropy method,from the three dimensions of agricultural industry development,rural infrastructure construction and farmers'social life,14 indicators are selected to build a research index system.The quantitative analysis and results were used to compare the rural development ability of 10 counties in Xinyang city before and after poverty alleviation.The results show that:affected by poverty alleviation policies,from 2010 to 2021,the rural development capacity of eight counties and two districts in Xinyang City showed an overall rising trend,from 0.186 to 0.595,the average annual growth rate is 11.15%;Among them,the level of rural development capacity in the county is higher than that in the city.During the study period,the average rural development capacity of counties increased from 0.257 to 0.595.The average rural development capacity in the city increased from 0.186 to 0.413.Only 72.37%and 69.41%of counties.From 2010 to 2021,the rural development capacity of Shihe District ranged from 0.186 to 0.377.In Pingqiao District,it was 0.255 to 0.413.Huaibin County had the lowest level of rural development ability(average 0.352).Policy system,market orientation,and social organization are the main factors affecting the rural development capacity of the 10 counties in Xinyang City.Multi-dimensional factors drive the evolution of rural development capacity of county spatial units in southern Henan Province.