小分子诺如病毒抑制剂的研究进展

Research progress of small molecule inhibitors against norovirus

人类诺如病毒是一种具有高度传染性的病原体,对社会造成了严重的健康负担。每年,全球超过6亿人感染诺如病毒。然而,由于缺少理想的动物模型及体外细胞培养模型,早些年对抗诺如病毒药物研究的进展较为缓慢,至今仍无针对性的抗诺如病毒的药物或疫苗。目前,抗诺如病毒药物主要有RNA聚合酶抑制剂、3C样蛋白酶抑制剂及未知作用靶点药物,其中RNA聚合酶抑制剂分为核苷类抑制剂如法匹拉韦、利巴韦林等;非核苷类抑制剂如苏拉明、PPNDS等。本文对近年来用于治疗诺如病毒的药物以及具有抗诺如病毒潜力的药物进行了综述,希望能为抗诺如病毒药物研发提供新思路。

Human norovirus is a highly infectious pathogen, which has caused serious health burden to society.Every year, more than 600 million people worldwide are infected with norovirus.However, due to the lack of ideal animal models and in vitro cell culture models, the progress of anti-norovirus drug research has been slow in the early years, and there are still no targeted drugs or vaccines against norovirus.At present, the main anti-norovirus drugs are RNA polymerase inhibitors, 3C-like protease inhibitors and unknown target drugs.RNA polymerase inhibitors can be divided into nucleoside inhibitors such as favipiravir, ribavirin, etc.and non-nucleoside inhibitors such as suramin, PPNDS,etc.This article reviews the drugs that have been used to treat norovirus or have anti-norovirus potential in recent years in order to provide new ideas for anti-norovirus drug research and development.