抗多重耐药菌药物的研究进展

Research progress of antibacterial drugs against multidrug-resistant bacteria

细菌通过不断地进化与变异,对抗菌药物产生耐受性,即细菌耐药性。近年来随着抗菌药物的过度使用甚至滥用,越来越多的细菌从药物敏感菌逐步发展为耐受多种抗菌药物的超级细菌,由此给临床治疗带来巨大威胁。因此,研发抗多重耐药(multidrug-resistant, MDR)细菌感染的药物,尤其是化学结构和作用机制全新的新型抗菌药物迫在眉睫。本文简要综述2010年后上市或进入临床的抗多重耐药菌药物特别是β-内酰胺类抗生素、四环素类抗生素、糖肽类抗生素、大环内酯类抗生素、喹诺酮类抗菌药物和噁唑烷酮类抗菌药物的研究进展,以期为抗多重耐药菌药物的研究提供参考。

Bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics through continuous evolution and mutation, known as bacterial resistance.In recent years, with the misuse and overuse of antibiotics, more and more sensitive bacteria are gradually developing into the multidrug-resistant(multidrug-resistant, MDR) superbugs, which poses a great threat to clinical treatment.Therefore, it is urgent to develop drugs against MDR bacterial infections, especially novel antibacterial drugs with novel chemical structures and mechanisms of action.This article briefly reviews the structure and research progress of classic anti-multidrug-resistant antibacterial drugs that have been on the market since 2010 or entered clinical trials such as β-lactams, tetracyclines, ketolactones, glycopeptides, quinolones and oxazolidinones, aiming to serve as a reference for further exploration of potential antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant bacteria.