催化氧化法解聚木质素生产高值化学品的研究进展

Progress on value-added chemicals from lignin throughcatalytic oxidative depolymerization

芳香型大分子木质素可被解聚成高附加值的精细化学品,但受到木质素的解聚过程与产物分离效率的影响。因为木质素的解聚需要加入催化剂才能实现高值化转化与利用,然而催化剂的性能还不能满足工业化生产解聚木质素的要求,所以构建转化率和选择性高、反应条件温和、催化剂稳定性好且成本低的催化体系仍面临巨大挑战。基于此,本文在介绍木质素结构和种类的基础上,首先综述木质素催化解聚的研究进展,然后重点阐述了木质素催化氧化解聚的发展现状以及影响此方法相关的因素(催化剂、反应溶剂、酚类产物等),最后总结了当前木质素催化解聚存在的问题,并展望了未来需要重点研究和发展的方向。

Lignin,as a class of aromatic macromolecules,can be depolymerized into highly value-added fine chemical,and the outcome of such process highly depends on the catalytic system and the efficiency of product separation.Because the performance of the existing catalysts could hardly meet the industrial need for efficient depolymerization of lignin,significant efforts were devoted to construction of various catalytic systems with high selectivity,low cost,great catalyst stability and mild reaction conditions.In the review,we first presented the chemical structures and types of lignin,as well as the latest research progress of catalytic depolymerization of lignin.Then,the catalyzed oxidative depolymerization was discussed with the regards to general affecting factors(catalysts,reaction solvents,phenolic products,etc.).Finally,the problems and issue of existing lignin depolymerization were summarized,along with the outlook for major research directions in the future.