《荀子·正名》篇的逻辑思想

The Logical Thought of Xunzi’s Name-Rectification

荀子的“正名”论强于概念考察,弱于概念与概念之间的关联性考察,即判断论和推理论。荀子对先秦名辩派的批驳,实质上批驳了该派的判断论,虽然达到政治论辩之目的,但在逻辑科学上比较欠缺。荀子“正名”的目的是为王道政治服务,他的逻辑思想并没有达到超越实体事物的抽象层次,从而没有发展出纯粹的、独立的逻辑科学。

The advantage of Xunzi’s theory of Name-Rectification lies in the study of concept,while the disadvantage lies in the study of the correlation between concept and concept,namely the theory of judgment and inference.Xunzi’s refutation of the argumentation logic of pre-Qin Dynasty essentially refutes the judgment theory of this school.Although it achieves the purpose of political argumentation,it lacks logic science.Xunzi’s logic aims to serve ethics and politics,and his logical thought did not reach the level of abstraction beyond concrete things,and thus did not develop a pure and independent logical science.