喷施EDTA-Mn对‘马瑟兰’葡萄光合特性及品质的影响

Effect of EDTA-Mn Spraying on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Quality of‘Marselan’grapevine

以4年生‘马瑟兰’葡萄为研究对象,在常规施肥的基础上,叶面喷施螯合态锰(EDTA-Mn),采用单因素多水平随机区组试验设计,设置4个喷施水平:依次为2.25、4.50、6.75、9.00 kg·hm^(-2)EDTA-Mn,分别用H1、H2、H3、H4表示,以喷施清水为对照(CK),探讨叶面喷施不同浓度EDTA-Mn对贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄光合特性、产量与品质的影响。结果表明,喷施EDTA-Mn可以提高‘马瑟兰’葡萄叶片的叶绿素含量,H3处理最高,较CK显著提高16.71%;H2处理叶片的气孔导度和蒸腾速率最高,较CK分别提高30.36%和30.28%;所有处理的胞间CO_(2)浓度显著低于CK;H2处理的穗长、横径、百粒质量、单宁和花色苷含量均最高,较CK分别提高14.35%、11.79%、8.25%、4.73%和10.31%;H3处理的总酚含量最高,较CK显著提高42.14%;产量由高到低依次为H2>H3>H1>CK>H4,其中H2处理较CK显著提高24.11%。综合分析,在贺兰山东麓产区通过叶面喷施EDTA-Mn能有效促进‘马瑟兰’葡萄叶片的光合特性,提高葡萄的产量,改善浆果品质,其中最佳叶面喷施量为4.5 kg·hm^(-2)。

In this paper,four-year-old‘Marselan’grapevine was used as research object,on the basis of conventional fertilization,the chelated manganese(EDTA-Mn)was sprayed.A single-factor and multi-level randomized block experiment design were used to set up four different spraying levels:2.25,4.50,6.75,9.00 kg·hm^(-2) EDTA-Mn,represented by H1,H2,H3 and H4,respectively,with spraying water as the control(CK).The effects of spraying different concentrations of EDTA-Mn on the photosynthetic characteristics,yield and quality of‘Marselan’grape in the eastern foot of Helan Mountains were studied by field experiment.The results showed that spraying EDTAMn could increase the chlorophyll content of wine grape leaves,and H3 treatment was the highest,which was significantly increased by 16.71% compared with CK.The stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of leaves in H2 treatment were the highest,which was significantly increased by 30.36% and 30.28% compared to CK,respectively.The intercellular CO_(2) concentration of all treatments was significantly lower than that of CK;The cluster length,transverse diameter,hundred grain weight,the content of tannin and anthocyanin of H2 treatment were the highest,which were increased by 14.35%,11.79%,8.25%,4.73% and 10.31% compared to CK,respectively.The total phenol content of H3 treatment was the highest,which was significantly increased by 42.14% compared to CK.The yield from high to low was H2>H3>H1>CK>H4,and H2 treatment was significantly higher than CK by 21.44%.Comprehensive analysis showed that spraying EDTA-Mn could effectively promote the photosynthetic characteristics of‘Marselan’grapevine leaves,increase yield of grape and improve quality of berries in the wine producing area of the eastern foot of Helan Mountains.Among them,the optimum spraying amount of EDTA-Mn was 4.5 kg·hm^(-2).