金岳霖融通中西的形而上学之道

Jin Yuelin’s Dao of metaphysics as a synthesis of the East and the West

金岳霖《论道》的写作目的,是为了实现中西哲学的融通,建构一个既能够体现中国哲学精神传统又能吸收西方哲学的形而上学之道的哲学体系。金岳霖的形而上学作为一种元哲学,其问题意识来源于西方哲学,其论证方式来自西方哲学与逻辑学。但是,由于“道”在中国人的思想世界及价值信仰方面居于核心地位,金岳霖建构的形而上学之道显然是立足于中国哲学的。金岳霖坚持以中国哲学特别是宋明理学的思维方式、价值观念、哲学范畴为基础,通过一系列西方逻辑体系的论证,最终建构了一个以传统中国哲学范畴为基本框架、吸收了西方哲学的现代中国哲学体系。不能仅仅将金岳霖的《论道》理解为民族文化、情感归属的需求,他同时也是站在时代和人类的哲学思考高度,通过融通中西哲学以解决现代形而上学重建的问题,其形而上学之道具有回应人类普遍哲学问题的世界现代哲学意义。

The objective of Jin Yuelin’s On Dao was to effect a synthesis of the eastern and the western philosophies,and to construct a philosophical system of metaphysics Dao which could both embody the spirit of the Chinese philosophical tradition,and absorb profitably from western philosophy.As a form of meta-philosophy,Jin’s metaphysics took its problematique from western philosophy,and its methods of proof also derived from western philosophy and logic.However,given the central role which Dao occupied in the world of thought and axiological credos of the Chinese people,Jin’s Dao of metaphysics was also quite evidently firmly established as a part of Chinese philosophy.Jin persisted in taking as the foundation the modes of thought,axiological orientations,and philosophical categories of Chinese philosophy,particularly those of Song-Ming Neo-Ruism.Through a series of proofs in the style of western logic,he ultimately constructed a contemporary Chinese philosophical system which had traditional Chinese philosophical categories as its basic framework while also absorbing profitably from western philosophy.Jin’s On Dao cannot be solely understood as expressive of the demands of nationalist culture or emotional belonging.In fact,he was very much of his era and stood at heights of philosophical thought encompassing all humankind,