足月新生儿区域脑体积与生后日龄及神经行为发育的相关性研究

Postnatal age-related change of brain volume and its association with neurobehavior outcome in term neonates

目的分析足月新生儿87个脑区体积与生后日龄及神经行为发育水平之间的相关性。方法回顾性收集2010年11月至2017年9月于西安交通大学第一附属医院行头颅磁共振成像检查(三维T1加权成像)表现正常的足月新生儿75例,胎龄(39.38±1.22)孕周,男/女(51/24);生后日龄(11.11±6.67)d。基于87脑区分割模板,利用VB-Net(V-shape Bottleneck network)深度学习分割技术将新生儿大脑划分为87个脑区并计算各脑区体积,通过Pearson偏相关与线性回归分析各脑区体积与生后日龄以及神经行为学之间的相关性。结果校正胎龄、出生体质量、头围、身长及性别后,足月新生儿全脑66.7%(58/87脑区)脑区体积随生后日龄增加逐渐增大(相关系数r:0.2~0.7,P<0.05)。其中,双侧豆状核、左侧尾状核、右侧枕叶灰质、右侧颞下叶灰质、双侧颞前叶灰质体积与生后日龄呈强相关(r>0.50,P<0.05)。右侧枕叶灰质体积随生后日龄线性增长斜率最大(斜率:100.67),且与行为能力呈正相关(r=0.324,P<0.01)。结论新生儿期全脑多数脑区体积随生后日龄增加而增大,以初级感觉运动相关脑区增长最快,呈空间异质性。部分脑区体积在增长过程中伴随行为能力形成。

Objective To analyze the relationship of the volume of 87 brain regions with postnatal age and neurobehavior in full-term neonates.Methods A total of 75 full-term newborns[gestational age(39.38±1.22)weeks;male/female(51/24);postnatal age(11.11±6.67)days]without abnormalities on brain MRI(three-dimensional T1-weighted imaging,3D T1WI)at our hospital between November 2010 and September 2017 were retrospectively included.Based on the template of 87 brain regions,the neonatal brains were divided into 87 brain regions and their volumes were calculated by using V-shape Bottleneck network(VB-Net)deep learning segmentation technique,Pearson partial correlation and regression analysis were used to explore the relationship of the volume of each brain region with postnatal age and neurobehavioral scores.Results After adjusting for gestational age,birth weight,head circumference,body length and sex,66.7%of the regional brain volumes(58/87 brain regions)significantly increased with the postnatal age(correlation coefficient r:0.2-0.7,P<0.05).The volumes of gray matter in bilateral lentiform nucleus,left caudate nucleus,right occipital lobe,right inferior temporal lobe,and bilateral anterior temporal lobe strongly correlated with the postnatal age(r>0.50,P<0.05).The gray matter volume of the right occipital lobe linearly increased with age(slope:100.67),and was positively correlated with behavioral scores(r=0.324,P<0.01).Conclusion Most of regional brain volumes increase with the postnatal age during the neonatal period,and the fastest growth occurs in primary sensorimotor-related brain regions,presenting the spatial heterogeneity.Partial brain region grows with the development of behavioral ability.