渤海湾毛蚶人工育苗技术研究

Study on artificial breeding technology of Scapharca subcrenata in Bohai Bay

为提高毛蚶(Scapharca subcrenata)人工育苗技术,在滨州无棣沿海开展毛蚶人工育苗试验,摸索出了适合本地区的毛蚶亲贝培育、催产孵化、幼体培育和稚贝培育的技术方法。采自滨州海区的毛蚶亲贝经过一个月的培育,95%个体性腺发育成熟,经过阴干流水刺激后自然产卵,在水温25.0~28.0℃的条件下,孵化率90%以上,毛蚶幼体18 d左右平均壳长320μm,进入变态附着期。附着阶段采用海泥作为附着基,附着效果好,附着变态率在50%以上,稚贝最适生存盐度为20‰~35‰。育苗试验共获得毛蚶稚贝5980万粒。

To improve artificial breeding technology of Scapharca subcrenata,an artificial breeding experiment of S.subcrenata was carried out on the coast of Wudi in Binzhou,and suitable technical method was found for the cultivation of parent shells,hatching,larval cultivation,and juvenile cultivation in this area.After one month of cultivation,about 95%of the parent shells of Scapharca subcrenata from the Binzhou sea area developed mature gonads and naturally laid eggs after being stimulated by air-dried and shady water.At a water temperature of 25.0~28.0℃,hatching rate of fertilized egg exceeded 90%,average shell length of the larvae was 320μm after about 18 days,entering the metamorphosis attachment period.During the attachment stage,sea mud was used as the attachment base,which had a good attachment effect.The attachment deformation rate was above 50%,and the optimal survival salinity for juvenile was 20‰~35‰.A total of 5.98×107 juveniles were obtained in the seedling cultivation experiment.