云南白马雪山国家级自然保护区南部区域鸟兽多样性研究

Bird and Animal Diversity in the Southern Part of Baimaxueshan National Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province based on Infrared Camera Survey

为完善云南白马雪山国家级自然保护区(以下简称保护区)南部兽类和鸟类资源多样性,了解该区域珍稀濒危物种的保护情况,分析该区域内大中型哺乳动物与地面活动鸟类的种类、相对多度与分布。本研究在保护区南部依照公里网格布设40台红外相机,并调查发现:(1)在保护区南部记录到兽类18种和鸟类28种,占白马雪山固有物种记录的18%和7.53%,同时记录到灰翅鸫和棕噪鹛两种白马雪山内的物种新记录;(2)在保护区南部猕猴、中华斑羚、黄喉貂、赤腹松鼠、林麝等物种种群数量分布较广,其中国家重点保护野生动物所占比重较大;(3)猕猴、白腹锦鸡、赤腹松鼠、林麝、中华鬣羚等物种在研究区域内具有较为稳定的种群数量且活动范围较大;(4)针对鸟类的红外相机监测技术不够完善,所拍摄到的数据和图片相对少而不完整,需要在今后加强针对鸟类的监测;(5)相较过去拍摄记录,本次调查并未记录到水鹿、狼、赤狐等动物,需要维持长期监测。

The purpose is to further investigate the diversity of animal and bird resources in the south of Yunnan Baimaxueshan National Nature Reserve(hereinafter referred to as the Reserve)and the protection of rare and endangered species,and analyze the species,relative abundance and distribution of large and medium-sized mammals and ground birds in this area,40 cameras were deployed in the south of the reserve according to the kilometer grid.The result showed that:(1)18 species of mammals and 28 species of birds were recorded,accounting for 18%and 7.53%of the current species records in Baimaxueshan,respectively,and the new record species of grey-winged thrush and brown noisy thrush were recorded in the reserve;(2)in the southern part of the reserve,macaques,impala,yellow-throated marten,red-bellied squirrel,forest musk deer and other species are widely distributed,and the proportion of wild animals under national key protection is relatively large;(3)macaque,white-bellied chicken,red-bellied squirrel,forest musk deer,Chinese serow and other species had relatively stable populations and were distributed in a large range in the study area;(4)the infrared camera monitoring technology for birds survey was not sufficient,and the data and pictures taken were relatively small and incomplete;(5)compared with past shooting records,this survey did not record animals such as sambar,wolves,and red foxes,and long-term monitoring needs to be maintained.