数字经济促进共同富裕:理论机理与策略选择

Digital Economy Promotes Common Prosperity:Theoretical Mechanisms and Strategic Choices

发展数字经济与促进共同富裕具有高度一致性。数字经济可从价值创造和价值分配两方面促进共同富裕。从价值创造来看,数字经济具有渗透性、赋能性、替代性、创新性、双高性的特点,可通过数字产业化、产业数字化、数据价值化、数字化治理等路径加速价值创造,具有速度经济、精准经济、网络经济、预期经济、尾部经济、全时经济、空间经济、零工经济、共享经济、生态经济等若干效应;从价值分配来看,数字经济具有平等性、普惠性、免费性、共生性、透明性的特点,可通过在线教育、在线医疗、在线金融、在线文化、在线政务等路径优化价值分配,具有促进公共服务供给、促进乡村富裕、促进精神富裕等特殊作用。数字经济促进共同富裕存在数据垄断、算法操纵、就业替代、数字鸿沟等问题。为此,要在充分认识各类问题的基础上,制定数字经济促进共同富裕的相关策略:一是加速数字经济价值创造,包括统筹数字基础设施建设、突破关键核心技术瓶颈、构建数据授权运营体系、拓展数据应用场景领域、规范数字平台企业发展、打造数字经济生态体系;二是优化数字经济价值分配,包括运用共有共建共享共治理论指导、完善数字经济三次分配制度体系、构建数字时代政府市场全新规则、健全合规可信安全平等治理制度。

The development of the digital economy is highly consistent with promoting common prosperity.The digital economy can promote common prosperity from both value creation and value distribution.From the perspective of value creation,the digital economy has the characteristics of permeability,empowerment,substitutability,innovation,and dual high.It can accelerate value creation through digital industrialization,industrial digitization,data value,digital governance,and other paths,producing several effects such as speed economy,precision economy,network economy,expected economy,tail economy,full-time economy,space economy,gig economy,sharing economy,ecological economy,etc.From the perspective of value distribution,the digital economy has the characteristics of equality,inclusiveness,free of charge,symbiosis,and transparency.Value distribution can be optimized through online education,online healthcare,online finance,online government affairs,online culture,and online governance,playing a special role in promoting the supply of public services,rural prosperity,and spiritual prosperity.The promotion of common prosperity in the digital economy faces problems such as data monopoly,algorithm manipulation,employment substitution,and digital divide.To this end,based on a full understanding of various issues,a comprehensive strategy for promoting common prosperity in the digital economy should be formulated.The first is to accelerate the value creation of the digital economy,including coordinating the construction of digital infrastructure,breaking through key core technology bottlenecks,building a data authorization operation system,expanding the field of data application scenarios,regulating the development of digital platform enterprises,and building a digital economy ecosystem.The second is to optimize the value distribution of the digital economy,including using a theoretical guidance for shared ownership,co construction,and sharing,improving the system of three distribution systems for the digital economy,constructing new rules for the government and market in the digital era,and improving the system of compliance,trustworthiness,security,and equal governance.