经济法视角下环境公共产品优化路径研究——以环境公益诉讼为中心

Research on the Optimization Path of Environmental Public Goods from thePerspective of Economic Law——Centered on Environmental Public Interest Litigation

确保环境公共产品之良性供给,不仅是现代社会法治国家全面介入社会生活的重要体现,更是国家推进环境治理体系现代化、实现社会治理体系现代化的关键抓手。但受限于历史路径的影响,经济法并未在立法规制(尤其是环境保护税)上实现其调制功能,而创设于10年前的环境公益诉讼则在立法不足、行政监督有所欠缺的时代环境下充分发挥司法能动性推动了中国式环境治理体系的成型。但其中存在的路径不够清晰、责任未能厘清等问题,仍需在以实现经济社会化条件下实质公平正义为目标的经济法视角下进行优化,经济公益诉讼作为经济法上旨在平衡和实现社会整体共同经济利益的司法构想,能够在以实现责任承担的司法路径上以“私负担”“公负担”之续造更好地实现环境公共物品的供给优化。

Ensuring a healthy supply of environmental public goods is not only an important manifestation of the comprehensive involvement of a country ruled by law in modern society in social life,but also a key step for the country to promote the modernization of the modern environmental governance system and achieve the modernization of the social governance system.However,due to the impact of historical paths,economic law has not achieved its regulatory function in legislative regulation(especially environmental protection tax),while the environmental public interest litigation established 10 years ago gave full play to judicial initiative in the era of insufficient legislation and administrative supervision,which promoted the formation of a Chinese style environmental governance system.In fact,the existing problems such as unclear paths and unclear responsibilities still need to be optimized from the perspective of economic law,which aims to achieve substantive fairness and justice under the conditions of economic socialization.As a judicial concept in economic law,economic public interest litigation aims to balance and realize the common economic interests of the whole society.It is possible to better optimize the supply of environmental public goods through the continuation of“private burden”and“public burden”in the judicial path of achieving responsibility.