数字化赋能产业转型升级:机遇、挑战与实现路径

Digitalization Enables Industrial Transformation and Upgrading:Opportunities,Challenges and Paths to Realization

产业数字化转型是中国经济高质量发展的重要支撑。党的二十大报告提出要“坚持把发展经济的着力点放在实体经济上,推进新型工业化”。在数字化与智能化的时代浪潮下,新型工业化要求加快促进数字技术与实体产业的深度融合。近年来,中国数字技术、数字基建以及智能设备产业蓬勃发展,以前沿技术和颠覆性技术为主攻方向的新兴科技企业不断涌现,加力赋能传统产业数字化转型。然而,当前中国数实融合不充分,数据要素与数字技术的价值尚未得到充分释放,导致中国产业数字化转型升级的内生动力不足。面对新形势新任务,充分释放数字技术对产业转型升级的赋能作用是推动中国经济高质量发展的首要目标。中国特色社会主义道路下的产业数字化转型必须同中国具体实际相结合,是统筹推进经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设与生态文明建设五位一体的全域数字化转型。数字化如何全力精准赋能中国产业转型升级,数字化赋能中国产业转型升级面临哪些现实挑战和历史机遇,如何应对挑战、抓住机遇大力推动中国产业转型升级,这是当前面临的时代命题。本研究对数字化赋能中国产业转型升级的机遇、挑战与实现路径进行全面的理论分析和实践探讨,着眼于全面建设社会主义现代化强国的实际问题,对国家的重大关切问题做出符合中国实际与时代要求的初步探索。通过研究视角的层层聚焦与逐级放大,递进式地剖析数字化赋能产业转型升级在宏观层面的战略方向与微观层面的政策落地,加速中国产业数字化转型升级。本研究面向国家经济主战场,探索新一代技术革命下,产业数字化转型如何推动中国经济实现“质”和“量”齐增,推动了数字化赋能产业转型升级相关研究的发展。研究发现,破解产业结构的数字化转型需要与经济增速不匹配的困局,首先要在事前权衡生产方式、就业结构以及资源分配;其次要在事后考量战略方向、实施政策与技术选择;同时,宏观层面上要兼顾数字安全与绿色循环的可持续发展,微观层面上要兼顾地市级、企业级数字化转型的可落地程度。本研究的结论为中国产业数字化升级提供了理论依据,为数字化转型的中国实践提供了新的思考。

The digital transformation of industries is an important support for the high-quality development of China's economy.The report of the Twentieth National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)proposes to“insist on placing the focus of economic development on the real economy and promoting new industrialization”.Under the wave of the era of digitization and artificial intelligence,the realization of new industrialization requires us to accelerate the promotion of the deep integration between digital technology and real industry.In recent years,China's digital technology,digital infrastructure,and smart devices are booming,with cutting-edge technology and disruptive technology as the main directions of emerging technology enterprises continue to emerge,adding efforts to empower the digital transformation of traditional industries.However,at present,the development of digital-real integration in China is not sufficient,and the value of data elements and digital technology has not yet been fully released,resulting in insufficient endogenous momentum for the transformation and upgrading of China's industries.In face of the new national situations and tasks,fully releasing the enabling effect of the digital technology on industrial transformation and upgrading is the primary goal of promoting the high-quality development of China's economy.The digital transformation of industries under the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics must be complied with China's specific realities,and it is a five-pronged digital transformation of the whole region that integrates the promotion of economic,political,cultural,social,and ecological civilization construction.How can digitalization empower the transformation and upgrading of China's industries with full precision?What are the practical challenges and historical opportunities for digitalization to empower the transformation and upgrading of China's industries?How to cope with the challenges and seize the opportunities to fully realize industrial transformation and upgrading?This is the proposition of the times for our country.This study provides a comprehensive theoretical analysis and practical discussions of the opportunities,challenges,and realization paths of digitalization-enabled transformation and upgrading of China's industries,focusing on the practical issues of comprehensively building a strong socialist modernization country,and providing a first attempt to the country's major concerns that are in line with China's actuality and the requirements of the times.By focusing on the research perspective and magnifying it step by step,this project progressively analyzes the strategic direction of digitization empowering industrial transformation and upgrading at the macro level and the policy implementation at the micro level,so as to accelerate the digital transformation and upgrading of China's industries.Facing the main battlefield of the national economy,this project explores how the digital transformation of industries under the new generation of technological revolution can promote China's economy to achieve“quality”and“quantity”increase,and advances literature on digitalization-enabled industrial transformation and upgrading.The study finds that in order to break the dilemma of the mismatch between the need for digital transformation of the industrial structure and the rate of economic growth,it is first necessary to weigh production methods,employment structure,and resource allocation beforehand.Secondly,strategic directions,implementation policies and technology choices should be considered in hindsight.At the same time,it is important to take into account the sustainable development of digital security and green circulation economy at the macro level,and the degree of executable digital transformation at the local and enterprise levels at the micro level.The research conclusions of this project provide a theoretical basis for the digital upgrading of China's industries,and offer novel thinking for the Chinese practice of digital transformation.