鱼雷动力系统技术特点研究及趋势展望

Research on Technical Features and Trends of Torpedo Power System

在热动力鱼雷领域,燃气轮机及空间传输机构的活塞式发动机(如斜盘发动机、摆盘发动机及凸轮发动机等)有着较好的应用前景。火箭发动机虽然能提供较高的航速,但由于燃料消耗速度较快,致使总射程较短;而在电动力鱼雷领域,除了提高蓄电池的能量密度之外,针对新型电机的开发进程也在持续进行中。由于发动机的运作过程会受水下背压影响,更倾向于将热动力鱼雷用于攻击水面舰船;而电动力鱼雷由于隐蔽性较好,且潜航深度较深,更利于潜艇使用或进行反潜攻击。鱼雷在海防事业中起到的重要作用,两类鱼雷都将持续得到广泛应用,技术研究依然有着较高的必要性。

In the field of thermal power torpedoes,gas turbines and piston engines with space transmission mechanisms(such as swash plate engines,wobble plate engines,and cam engines)have good application prospects.Although rocket engines can provide high speeds,their total range is relatively short due to their rapid fuel consumption rate.In the field of electric power torpedoes,in addition to improving the energy density of batteries,the development process of new motors is also ongoing.Since the operation process of the engine is affected by underwater back pressure,thermal power torpedoes are more likely to be used to attack surface ships;while electric power torpedoes are more conducive to submarine use or anti-submarine attacks due to their good concealment and deep diving depth.Torpedoes play an important role in coastal defense,and both types of torpedoes will continue to be widely used,and technical research is still highly necessary.