经济林生态种植对石漠化区土壤细菌群落的影响

Effects of ecological planting in economic forest on soil bacterial communities in rocky desert area of southeast Yunnan Province

为探究经济林生态种植对石漠化区土壤细菌群落的影响,选取滇东南石漠化地区两种自然修复样地(灌草自然修复地和乔灌草自然修复地)和两种经济林生态种植修复样地(猕猴桃种植修复地和核桃种植修复地)进行土壤细菌群落结构和多样性实验。结果表明:灌草自然修复地和乔灌草自然修复地土壤细菌群落丰富度和多样性低于猕猴桃种植修复地以及核桃种植修复地,在灌草自然修复地、猕猴桃种植修复地和核桃种植修复地土壤细菌群落中以变形菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门和绿弯菌门最丰富,乔灌草自然修复地土壤细菌群落主要以变形菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门以及拟杆菌门最丰富。乔灌草自然修复地主要作用菌种是酸杆菌属;灌草自然修复地主要作用菌种是放线菌门和嗜热油菌纲;猕猴桃种植修复地和核桃种植修复地主要作用菌种则分别是芽单胞菌门和绿弯菌纲。将不同修复样地下的土壤细菌与环境因子作相关性分析,结果表明土壤全钾和速效钾浓度随植被由猕猴桃种植修复地、核桃种植修复地到灌草自然修复地和乔灌草自然修复地的变化呈下降趋势,相比之下,土壤氮、磷、有机质、pH值在自然恢复后呈现出微弱的恢复趋势。

To investigate the effects of ecological planting of an economic forest on the soil bacterial community in a rocky desert area,two natural restoration plots(shrub and arbor shrub)and two ecological planting plots(kiwifruit and walnut)were selected.Soil bacterial community structure and diversity experiments were conducted in a rocky desert area of southeast Yunnan Province.The results showed that the richness and diversity of soil bacterial communities in shurb and arbor shurb natural restoration lands were lower than those in kiwifruit and walnut planted restoration lands.Proteobacteria,Actinobacteriota,Acidobacteriota,and Chloroflexi were the most abundant phyla in soil bacterial communities in shurb natural restoration land,kiwifruit and walnut planted restoration lands,while Proteobacteria,Actinobacteriota,Acidobacteriota,and Bacteroidetes were the most abundant phyla in arbor shurb natural restoration land.Acidibacter spp.were the main active bacteria in arbor shurb natural restoration land.The main active species in shurb natural restoration land belonged to Actinobacteriota and Thermoleophilia.The main bacterial species in kiwifruit and walnut planted restoration land belonged to the Gemmatimonadetes and Chloroflexia,respectively.Correlation analysis of soil bacteria and environmental factors under different restoration plots showed that soil total potassium and available potassium concentrations decreased with the change in vegetation from kiwifruit and walnut planted restoration land to shurb and arbor shurb natural restoration land kiwifruit and walnut to shrub and arbor shrub.In contrast,the soil N,P,and organic matter content and pH value showed a weak recovery trend after natural recovery.