不同雄株花粉对‘秦紫1号’黑蕊猕猴桃果实品质的影响

Effect of Different Male Pollens on the Fruit Quality of Actinidia melanandra of‘Qinzi 1’

以‘秦紫1号’黑蕊猕猴桃为试材,用不同雄株的花粉对其进行授粉,并测定雄株的花粉量、花粉萌发率、花直径以及采收后单果重、果形指数、可溶性固形物、总酸、固酸比等指标。结果表明:软枣猕猴桃系列雄株的花粉量明显多于黑蕊猕猴桃系列雄株,并且各系列不同雄株间的花粉量及花粉萌发率差异较大。‘秦紫1号’黑蕊猕猴果实在单果重、可溶性固形物、总酸、固酸比方面表现出明显的花粉直感效应。种子千粒重及饱和种子数差异显著。说明自然授粉条件下,雄株株系H5最适合作为‘秦紫1号’的配套雄株应用。株系R1因为花期不遇,可采收当年花粉,低温保存,来年用于人工授粉。

Taking Actinidia melanandra of‘Qinzi 1’as the test material,the pollen of different male plants was used to pollinate it,and the pollen amount,pollen germination rate,flower diameter and single fruit weight,fruit shape index,soluble solids,total acid,solid acid ratio and other indicators after harvest were measured.The effects of pollen from different male plants on the fruit quality of‘Qinzi 1’were studied.The results showed that the pollen quantity of male plants of Actinidia arguta series was significantly higher than that of male plants of Actinidia melanandra series,and the pollen amount and pollen germination rate among different male plants were significantly different.The pollen xenia obviously appeared on single fruit weight,soluble solids,total acid,solid to acid ratio.There were significant differences in the weight of thousand seeds and saturated seed number.The conclusion is that the male plant H5 is most suitable for use as a matched male plant of‘Qinzi 1’under the condition of natural pollination.R1 can be used for artificial pollination in the coming year by cold storages pollen because of its flowering asynchronism.