红心杉与杉木人工林生产力及林地土壤肥力差异分析

Afforestation Effect and Soil Fertility Difference between Red-heart Chinese Fir and Chinese Fir

为优化杉木栽培措施,实现杉木林可持续经营,本试验以杉木及其变种红心杉为研究对象,观测了14~18立地指数林地16 a生红心杉与杉木林分生长量及土壤肥力的变化。结果表明:不同立地指数、不同树种间林分生长量差异显著。其中,立地指数越高,林分生长量越大,但在立地指数较低(14)时杉木林分树高、胸径、单株材积及蓄积量均大于红心杉,而在立地指数较高(18)时以红心杉林分生长表现较佳。各林地土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效钾、速效磷含量及pH值,随着立地指数增加表现为上升的趋势。整体上,除速效磷含量、pH值外,其余土壤肥力指标以红心杉林地较高,且立地指数越低差异越显著。经主成分分析,各林分土壤肥力综合评分大小为立地指数越高,评分越高,而任一立地条件下均为红心杉>杉木。研究认为,红心杉地力维持能力大于杉木,但杉木环境适应性优于红心杉,在立地质量较差林地可选择杉木进行种植,而立地质量较好时可进行红心杉推广种植。

In order to optimize the cultivation measures of Chinese fir and achieve sustainable management of Chinese fir forests,this experiment took Chinese fir and its variant red-heart fir as the objects,the changes in growth and soil fertility of 16-year-old red heart fir and Chinese fir stands in 14-18 site index forests were observed.The results showed that there were significant differences in stand growth among different site indexes and different tree species.Among them,the higher the site index,the greater the stand growth,but when the site index was low(14),the tree height,breast height diameter,single tree volume,and stock volume of Chinese fir were greater than those of red-heart fir,while when the site index was high(18),the growth performance of red-heart fir forest was better.The content of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available potassium,available phosphorus,and pH value in each forest land showed a rising trend with the increase of site index.Overall,except for the available phosphorus content and pH value,the other soil fertility indicators were higher in the red-heart fir forest land,and the lower the site index,the more significant the difference.Through principal component analysis,the comprehensive score of soil fertility in each forest stand was higher with higher site index,and red-heart fir was higher than Chinese fir under any site condition.It is concluded that the red-heart fir had a higher ability to maintain soil fertility than Chinese fir,but Chinese fir had better environmental adaptability than red-heart fir.In poor site,Chinese fir could be selected for planting,while in good site,red-heart fir could be promoted for planting.