规制战略理论的现状及其课题

The Theory of Regulatory Strategy:Current Themes and Beyond

规制战略理论是行政法学中制度设计方向发展的最前沿成果。其在行政法学方法论近半个世纪的讨论过程中,从传统公法的“权力”“主体”和“利益”定义要素中发展出了新的内容。如突破对“权力”性行政活动的限制,分别在行为形式、行政活动复合构成的行政过程以及诉讼之外的立法和制度设计三个方面获得新的开拓。再如在主体要素方面,突破了国行政组织的范围,将民间主体本身、民间主体与行政之间的协作以及法政策的动态形成过程归入了研究对象范围之内。与此同时,规制战略理论本身也在主体与权力方面开拓出新的理论空间,如在组织方面,关注公益实现的意思形成过程中未必明确且分散的行动者和国家立法者的作用;如在权力方面,除了行政固有的权力性外,从作为股东的国家和作为所有权人的国家的角度关注民事法律关系中的国家作用。未来,规制战略理论还需要刑事法学、信息技术之间的联系方面的课题。

The theory of regulatory strategy sits at the forefront of institutional design in administrative law.In the last nearly half-century debate on the methodology of administrative law,it has developed new contents from concepts in traditional public law,such as“power”,“subject”and“interest”.For example,it has made breakthroughs in three aspects,namely the forms of administrative behavior,the administrative process integrating various administrative activities,and legislations and institutional design beyond litigation,by breaking the limits in the traditional power-related administrative activities.Moreover,it includes into its research on civil subjects,collaboration between civil subjects and administration,and dynamic formation of policy-oriented legislation,thus expanding the concept of national administrative organization.Meanwhile,the theory of regulatory strategy itself has developed new research topics in subjects and power.Regarding organization,it investigates the role of possibly ambiguous and dispersed actors and national legislators in the process of realizing public interest.Regarding power,it examines the role of states from the perspective of states as shareholders and as owners of national assets,in addition to the inherent power in administration.Eyeing the future,the theory of regulatory strategy also needs to address its connection with criminal law and information technology.