不同禽源副鸡禽杆菌的人工交叉致病试验

Artificial Cross Pathogenicity Test of Avian Bacillus paragallinarum from Goose and Chicken

为探讨鸡源和鹅源副鸡禽杆菌(Avibacterium paragallinarum,Apg)对鸡、鹅的跨禽种感染致病力情况,试验将3株鹅源Apg和4株鸡源Apg培养物经鼻窦腔接种60日龄鸡和鹅,观察接种禽的临床症状并进行表征评分。通过组织病理学检查、细菌分离培养和Apg种特异性PCR鉴定,研究鸡源和鹅源Apg对不同宿主的致病性情况。结果显示:鸡源和鹅源Apg均可导致鸡、鹅出现典型症状与病变,且对原宿主禽种致病性高于非原宿主禽种;发病鸡、鹅的病理变化相似,以面部皮下和鼻窦黏膜水肿、充血出血、纤维素性渗出,鼻甲骨变形为特征;发病鹅和鸡组织病理变化相似,鼻窦黏膜与鼻甲黏膜出现大量炎性细胞浸润,黏膜上皮水肿、坏死、崩解脱落,固有层结构疏松,局部可见纤维结缔组织增生;3株鸡源Apg接种鸡试验组能从鼻窦部、肝脏和脾脏中重新分离到接种菌,而接种鹅试验组仅从鼻窦部分离接种菌,未能从其他组织中分离到。研究表明,鸡源和鹅源Apg均可感染鸡或鹅并引起发病,但在致病程度上以本禽源菌株强于非本禽源菌株。

In order to investigate the cross-avian infectious pathogenicity of Avibacterium paragallinarum(Apg)from chick⁃en and goose to chicken and goose,three strains of Apg from goose and four strains of Apg from chicken were inoculated into the nasal cavity of chickens and geese for 60 days,and the clinical symptoms of the inoculated birds were observed and the signs were scored.The pathogenicity of Apg to different hosts was observed through histopathological examination,bacterial isolation and culture,and Apg species-specific PCR identification.The results showed that both chicken and goose source Apg could artifi⁃cially cause typical symptoms and pathological changes in chicken and goose,and more pathogenic to the original host species than to the non-original host species.The pathological changes of diseased goose and chicken were similar,characterized by fa⁃cial subcutaneous and sinus mucosa edema,hyperemia and bleeding,fibrinous infiltration and turbinate bone deformation.The histopathological changes of diseased goose and chicken were similar,which showed that a large number of inflammatory cells in⁃filtrated nasal sinus mucosa and turbinate mucosa,mucous epithelium edema,necrosis,disintegration and shedding,the structure of lamina propria was loose,and proliferation of fibrous connective tissue could be seen locally.The inoculated chicken group with three strains of Apg from chicken could isolate the inoculating bacteria from nasal sinuses,liver and spleen again,while the inoculated goose group only isolated the inoculating bacteria from nasal sinuses,could not isolate from visceral tissues.The re⁃sults indicated that Apgs isolated from both chicken and goose could infect chicken or goose and cause disease,but the pathogen⁃ic degree caused by native strain was stronger than that of non-native strain,which provided a reference for further study of crossavian infection of Apg.