新型冠状病毒肺炎(轻型)患者心身症状及转阴时程的性别差异

Investigation and analysis of psychosomatic symptoms and negative conversion time course in patients with mild Corona Virus Disease of different sexes

目的探索不同性别轻型新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者心身症状及转阴时程特点,为今后开展此类疾病临床诊疗工作提供参考依据。方法以2022年4月10日~5月20日在国家会展中心(上海)方舱医院接受隔离治疗的307例轻型COVID-19患者为研究对象,并按性别分为男性组和女性组;通过在线问卷、电子医疗系统查阅等方式,收集人口学资料、心理症状、躯体症状、疫苗接种频次及转阴时程等资料;应用IBM SPSS Statistics 22软件进行统计分析。结果COVID-19患者心理症状检出率:抑郁27.7%,焦虑22.8%,痛苦体验20.5%;躯体症状检出率:咳嗽70.7%、咳痰59.6%、鼻塞43.6%、流涕41.0%、咽痛31.6%。男女两组年龄、教育年限、疫苗接种次数及转阴时程差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与男性组相比较,女性组患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑问卷(GAD-7)、应激感受量表(PSS-10)、一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)评分偏高,咳嗽、咳痰、萎靡、发烧等躯体症状检出率偏高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01)。结论轻型COVID-19患者存在明显的心理症状,躯体症状与普通感冒有所不同。女性患者表现出的更为严重的心理症状与躯体症状,其原因可能与男女患者社会角色、应激应对方式、免疫应答方式及呼吸道症状敏感性不同有关。

Objective To explore the characteristics of psychosomatic symptoms and negative transition time course in patients with mild Corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)of different sexes,so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of such diseases in the future.Methods 307 patients with mild COVID-19 who received isolation treatment in the shelter hospital of the National Convention and Exhibition Center(Shanghai)from April 10 to May 20,2022 were selected as the study subjects,and were divided into male group and female group according to gender;Collect demographic data,stress symptoms,somatic symptoms,vaccination frequency and time course of negative conversion through online questionnaire and electronic medical system.IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software was used for statistical analysis.Results The detection rate of stress symptoms in COVID-19 patients:27.7%of depression,22.8%of anxiety,and 20.5%of pain experience;The detection rate of somatic symptoms:cough 70.7%,expectoration 59.6%,nasal congestion 43.6%,runny nose 41.0%,sore throat 31.6%.There was no significant difference in age,education years,vaccination times and time course of negative conversion between the two groups(P>0.05).Compared with the male group,the scores of PHQ-9,GAD-7,PSS-10 and GHQ-12 were higher in the female group,and the detection rate of cough,expectoration,malaise and fever was higher in the female group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion The mild COVID-19 patients have obvious stress symptoms,and the physical symptoms are also different from the common cold.Female patients showed more severe stress symptoms and somatic symptoms,which may be related to the different social roles,stress coping styles,immune response styles and symptom sensitivity of male and female patients.