东沙岛事件前后中国南海疆域观念的嬗变与主权维护

Evolution of Concepts and Safeguarding Sovereignty of the South China Sea Territory before and after Dongsha Island Incident

晚清时期,因日本商人西泽吉次擅自闯入东沙岛,最终引发东沙岛事件。面对日方质疑中国无东沙岛主权的确据而拒不归还东沙岛,晚清政府经过悉心搜证,加上广大社会民众的奔走支持,最终迫使日方承认东沙岛主权属华。收回东沙岛后,晚清政府尝试以强化行政管辖与经营开发的方式巩固主权,国民南海主权教育亦初现雏形。东沙岛事件引发东沙岛的地理位置、岛屿价值、历史管辖、维权方法等问题逐步明晰,促进了国人南海疆域主权观念的觉醒,为日后南海维权提供了一定的范式。

In the late Qing Dynasty,the Japanese businessman Nishizawa Yoshiji trespassed on Dongsha Island without authorization,which eventually led to Dongsha Island Incident.In the face of Japan's refusing to return Dongsha Island because it questioned China's lack of evidence of its sovereignty over Dongsha Island,the late Qing Dynasty's careful collection of evidence and the support of the general public finally forced Japan to recognize that Dongsha Island belonged to China.After reclaiming Dongsha Island,the late Qing Dynasty tried to consolidate its sovereignty by strengthening administrative jurisdiction and business development,and the education on sovereignty in the South China Sea also began to take shape.Dongsha Island Incident triggered the gradual clarification of issues such as Dongsha Island's geographical location,island value,historical jurisdiction,and rights protection methods,promoted the awakening of Chinese people's concept of sovereignty in the South China Sea territory,and provided a certain paradigm for future rights protection in the South China Sea.