应试诗的诗教内涵及其当代面向——以晚清试帖诗学观为中心

Connotation of Poetry Education and Contemporary Orientation of Exam-oriented Poems--Centered on the Poetics of Examination Poem in the Late Qing Dynasty

清代“试帖诗”是应试诗发展的又一高峰。晚清诗论家从以试帖诗为“一朝之胜”、以助教化、可为诗教之正宗、可增进诗艺和作为日常生活的娱情之备等方面,建构了试帖诗的诗教内涵和价值;并从诗教及学习、应试的角度出发,标举雅正诗风和法度。作为应试诗当代面向的全国诗词大赛有利于巩固诗词写作技巧,有利于教师了解创作情况、有针对性地开展教学,有利于传播中华优秀传统文化、倡导高贵之精神,体现了传统诗教的现代传承与创新性转化。

The examination poem in the Qing Dynasty is another peak in the development of the exam-oriented poems.Poem critics in the Late Qing Dynasty constructed the connotation and value of examination poem in the poetry education from several aspects,such as"the pinnacle of the development",the assistance in edification,the right path for the poetry education,the improvement in writing skills of poetry,and entertainment of the daily lives.They also advocated that the style and format of the examination poem should be elegant on the grounds of poetry education and the imperial examination.National Poetry Competition,as the contemporary orientation of the exam-oriented poems,is good for the learners to consolidate their poetic writing skills,good for the teachers to know the situation of creation and carry out targeted teaching,good for spreading outstanding traditional Chinese culture and advocating noble spirit,and embodies modern inheritance and innovative transformation of the traditional poetry education.