我国涉外信托法律适用的困境及完善路径

The Dilemma and Improvements in the Application of Law of Trust Relation to Foreign Affairs

涉外信托纠纷在国际司法领域频频发生,各国关于涉外信托的法律冲突现象普遍。我国涉外信托冲突法规则具有一定的局限性,无法妥善解决涉外信托存在的法律适用难题。《涉外民事关系法律适用法》第17条的规定主要存在最密切联系原则缺位、意思自治适用范围受限、连接点过少等问题。通过比较分析信托制度应用发达国家的立法、司法实践和《海牙信托公约》,从引入最密切联系原则、延伸意思自治原则适用范围、软化系属公式连接点、建立信托领域案例指导制度以及加强国际法治交流合作等五个方面入手,提出完善涉外信托法律适用的可行性建议。

Disputes over trust related to foreign affairs occur frequently in the international judicial field,and relevant legal conflicts are common in many countries.The relevant regulations in China have certain limitations and cannot properly solve the legal application difficulties of trust related to foreign affairs.The provisions of Article 17 of the Law for Foreign-related Civil Relations mainly have problems such as the absence of the principle of the closest connection,limited application scope of autonomy of will,and insufficient connection points.By comparing and analyzing the legislative and judicial practices of developed countries in the application of trust systems and the Hague Trust Convention,this article considers the characteristics of the relevant legislative provisions and trust systems in China,propose feasible suggestions for improving the legal application of foreign-related trusts.