小麦高代系的抗旱性状筛选与抗旱性评价

Screening of drought resistance traits and drought resistance evaluation in wheat advanced lines

于2020—2021年度和2021—2022年度两个生长季,在杨凌抗旱棚(DS)、杨凌农作一站(YAS)和乾县试验站(QX)3个环境下分别测定了43份和20份小麦高代系的8个农艺性状及8个产量性状,通过计算抗旱指数评价各性状对小麦抗旱指标的贡献率,同时利用隶属函数法、聚类分析等方法进行综合分析,筛选抗旱性强的小麦高代系。结果表明,在干旱胁迫环境(DS)下,小麦的农艺性状和产量性状均受到不同程度的抑制。基于各性状对小麦抗旱指数的贡献度,筛选出生物量、产量、小穗数和千粒重等作为评价小麦抗旱性的重要指标。通过抗旱性综合评价值D和聚类分析将供试小麦品种(系)分为高抗旱、抗旱、中等抗旱、干旱敏感和干旱高敏感5个等级,两年度鉴定出21-1、21-34、21-39、21-18、21-2和22-17共6份高抗旱小麦品系。

During the growing seasons of 2020-2021 and 2021-2022,43 and 20 wheat advanced lines were respectively evaluated for 8 agronomic traits and 8 yield traits in three different environments:Drought shelter(DS),Yangling Agricultural Station 1(YAS)and Qianxian(QX).The contribution of each trait to wheat drought resistance was assessed by calculating the drought resistance index.Comprehensive analyses were performed using methods such as the membership function and cluster analysis to select wheat advanced lines with high drought resistance.The results indicated that under drought stress(DS),both agronomic and yield traits of wheat were suppressed to varying degrees.Based on the contribution of each trait to wheat drought resistance,several important indicators for evaluating wheat drought resistance,such as biomass,yield,spikelet number,and thousand-grain weight were selected.Through comprehensive drought resistance index(D)and cluster analysis,the tested wheat varieties(lines)were categorized into five levels:highly drought-resistant,drought-resistant,moderately drought-resistant,drought-sensitive,and highly drought-sensitive.In the two years of assessment,a total of 6 highly drought-resistant wheat lines including 21-1,21-34,21-39,21-18,21-2,and 22-17 were identified.