2015-2022年福建省新报告丙型肝炎病例特征分析

Characteristics of patients newly diagnosed with Hepatitis C in Fujian Province from 2015 to 2022

目的分析福建省2015-2022年新报告丙型肝炎(简称丙肝)病例的特征,为丙肝防控措施的制定提供科学依据。方法收集2015-2022年中国疾病预防控制信息系统中福建省的丙肝发病数据,采用描述流行病学方法分析其流行特征,使用Joinpoint软件构建以年度为自变量、丙肝报告病例数为因变量的线性回归模型探索其流行趋势。结果2015-2022年福建省累计报告丙肝病例18712例,丙肝年报告病例数整体呈下降趋势,年度变化百分比(APC)值为-9.19%,从2015年的3258例减少至2022年的1696例。2015-2022年福建省各地市均有丙肝病例报告,报告病例数排名前三位的分别是莆田市(6036例)、福州市(3024例)、泉州市(2501例);除厦门和南平地区外,其余八个城市整体均呈下降趋势,且各地区的回归结构各异。丙肝病例中男性多于女性,男女比为1.3∶1,职业构成中农民的占比最多(45.8%),年龄主要集中分布在30~<70岁人群中(76.6%),其中40~<50岁年龄组占比最多(22.6%);男性中除10~<20岁、50~<60岁年龄组外,其余各个年龄组均呈现下降趋势,且具有统计学意义;女性中除<10岁、10~<20岁年龄组外,其余各个年龄组均呈现下降趋势,且具有统计学意义。结论2015-2022年福建省丙肝报告病例数整体呈逐年下降趋势,30~<70岁人群、男性、农村居民是丙肝感染的重点人群,莆田市为丙肝感染的重点地区,应对该地区、该人群采取针对性防控措施,加强对民众丙肝防治知识的宣传教育工作。

Objective This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of hepatitis C cases,from 2015 to 2022,from the Fujian Province and provide a scientific basis for the development of disease prevention and control strategies.Methods Data on the cases of hepatitis C,reported from 2015 to 2022,in Fujian Province were collected from the information system of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to describe the epidemiological characteristics of the patients.A linear regression model,with the year as the independent variable and the number of hepatitis C cases reported as the dependent variable,was created using the Joinpoint software to explore the epidemiological trend and characteristics of hepatitis C.Results A total of 18712 cases of hepatitis C were reported in the Fujian Province from 2015 to 2022.The annual number of hepatitis C cases showed an overall downward trend,with an annual percentage change of-9.19%.The number of patients decreased from 3258 cases in 2015,to 1696 cases in 2022.From 2015 to 2022,hepatitis C cases were reported in all the cities of the Fujian Province.Most cases were from the cities of Putian(6036 cases),Fuzhou(3024 cases),and Quanzhou(2501 cases).Except for the cities of Xiamen and Nanping,the other eight cities showed an overall downward trend,with varying regression structures for each city.Most patients with hepatitis C were males,at a sex ratio of 1.3:1.In terms of occupation,the majority were farmers(45.8%).In terms of age,76.6%of the patients were 30-69 years old,and 22.6%were 40-49 years old.Among males,except for the age groups of 10-19 years and 50-59 years,all the other age groups had a statistically significant downward trend.Meanwhile,among females,except for the age groups of<10 years and 10-19 years,all the other age groups had a statistically significant downward trend.Conclusions The number of patients with hepatitis C in the Fujian Province,from 2015 to 2022,showed a downward annual trend.Individuals aged 30-69 years,of male sex,and residing in rural locations were the populations commonly infected with hepatitis C.Moreover,hepatitis C was most common in the city of Putian.Therefore,targeted prevention and control measures should be focused primarily on Putian City and the populations at risk.Moreover,public education programs on the prevention and control of hepatitis C should be increased.