基于实测风场的沿海风力机叶片流固耦合特性分析

ANALYSIS OF FLUID-STRUCTURE COUPLING CHARACTERISTICS OF COASTAL WIND TURBINE BLADEDS BASED ON MEASURED WIND FIELD

采用无人机测风手段实测获得某沿海风电场的风场特征,将所测量的风场参数应用到后续数值模拟中。以某2 MW风力机叶片全尺寸模型为研究对象,基于Workbench平台建立流固耦合系统进行计算,通过对比近尾流风速分布的数值模拟结果与实测结果来验证数值计算的准确性,进而计算额定风速下旋转叶片的挥舞变形和等效应力等响应。结果表明:风力机叶片的挥舞变形在0°方位角时最大,最大变形为1916.4 mm,接近静力加载试验最大挥舞工况结果2299 mm;相同方位角下的挥舞变形沿着叶片展向呈非线性增大,0.60倍风轮半径处变形增长速度明显提高。叶片等效应力集中区位于大梁和前缘侧交界处,最大值出现在60°方位角下0.78倍风轮半径处,同时在风轮高度方向上呈非对称分布。

In this paper,the wind field characteristics of a coastal wind farm are obtained by the UAVs(unmanned aerial vehicles)wind filed measurement method,and the measured wind field parameters are applied to the subsequent computational fluid dynamics simulation.Taking the full-scale model of a 2 MW wind turbine blade as the research object,a fluid-structure coupling system is established based on Workbench platform for calculation.The numerical simulation results of near-wake wind velocity distribution are compared with the measured results,and the rationality of the numerical calculation is verified.Then,the flapping deformation and equivalent stress responses of the rotating blades at rated wind velocity are calculated.Results show that the flapping deformation of wind turbine blade reaches its maximum value at the azimuth of 0°,and the maximum flapping deformation is 1916.4 mm,which is close to the results of the static loading test 2299 mm.The flapping deformation increases nonlinearly along the span-wise direction of the blade,and with a larger increasing slope at 0.60 times the radius of the wind wheel.The equivalent stress concentration area of the blade is located at the junction of the girder and the leading edge,and appears at azimuth of 60°,where the maximum value is 0.78 times of the radius of the wind wheel.Stress is asymmetrically distributed along the wind wheel height direction.