非正式治理的制度化运作:管区制与乡镇治理现代化的路径选择

Institutionalized Operation of Informal Governance:Administrative District and the Path Choice in the Modernization of Township Governance

管区作为一种非正式的组织设置,在乡镇与村级治理单元之间建构出实体性质的中间结构,具有低成本、非正式性和制度稳定性等特点,成为乡镇政权的延伸。管区设置虽然增加了乡镇内部的“委托—代理”层级,但通过行政体制上的形式化设置和实践中的非正式运作,具有了超越科层体制约束的优势,借助激励动员和组织重构实现了有效治理。管区借助乡镇内部人力资源的重新配置,在不变体制的情况下进行机制创新,实现了非正式治理的制度化运作,匹配了当前乡村社会转型和治理转型的需求,成为当前强国家治理背景下探索乡镇治理现代化的一条可行路径。

As a kind of informal organization setting,the administrative district constructs an intermediate structure of entity nature between the township and the village-level governance unit.Featuring with institutional stability,informality and low cost,the administrative district becomes the extension of the township power.Although it has increased the“principal agent”level within the township,the administrative district remains advantageous in transcending the constraints of the bureaucratic system through the formal setting of the administrative system and informal operation in practice.With the help of incentive mobilization and organizational restructuring,it realized effective governance.With the help of the redistribution of human resources inside the township,it carries on the mechanism innovation without changing its system and realizes the institutionalized operation of informal governance.At the same time,the administrative district also matches the needs of the current rural social transformation and governance transformation,and becomes a feasible path to explore the modernization of township governance in the context of strong national governance.