形状记忆合金蜂窝结构抗冲击性能研究

Study on Impact Resistance of Shape Memory Alloy Honeycomb Structures

形状记忆合金(shape memory alloy, SMA)在外载荷作用下可发生伪塑性变形,利用这一特性设计了可重复使用的冲击吸能结构.基于经典的形状记忆合金本构模型,建立了薄壁结构有限元模型,分析了不同类型蜂窝结构在不同冲击速度下的变形模式和能量吸收等动力特性,得到了具有最优能量吸收性能的形状记忆合金结构.此外,对比形状记忆合金和传统金属铝蜂窝结构的吸能性能发现,在不同速度冲击下,不同结构形式的形状记忆合金蜂窝同铝蜂窝在能量吸收方面具有较大差异,最优结构发生改变.该文成果可为形状记忆合金抗冲击蜂窝结构的选型和设计提供参考.

The shape memory alloy(SMA)can deform pseudo-plastically under external load,based on which a reusable impact energy absorption structure was designed.According to the classical SMA constitutive model,the finite element model for thin-wall structures was established,and the dynamic characteristics such as de-formation modes and energy absorption of different forms of honeycomb structures under different impacting velocities,were analyzed,and the optimal energy absorption performance of the SMA structures was obtained.In addition,through comparison of the energy absorption performance of the SMA honeycomb with that of the aluminum honeycomb,the energy absorption of the SMA honeycomb with different structure configurations was different from that of the aluminum honeycomb under different-velocity impacts,with the optimal structure changes.The work provides a reference for the selection and design of the SMA honeycomb structures.