分阶段主题绘画疗法对儿童情绪障碍患者应用效果的类实验研究

The effect of staged thematic painting therapy on children with emotional disorders:a quasi-experimental study

目的探讨分阶段主题绘画疗法对儿童情绪障碍患者正性情绪、述情障碍及自我效能感的改善效果。方法采用类实验研究方法,便利抽样选择安徽医科大学附属心理医院儿童青少年心理科2022年1—12月收治的61例儿童情绪障碍患者为研究对象,按入院时间将2022年1—6月入院的31例患者列为对照组,2022年7—12月入院的30例患者列为观察组。对照组给予精神科常规护理,观察组在此基础上实施分阶段主题绘画疗法,干预时间6周。采用正性负性情绪量表、多伦多述情障碍量表及一般自我效能感量表对2组干预前后正性情绪、述情障碍、自我效能感进行评价。结果对照组男15例,女16例,年龄(14.19±1.79)岁;观察组男13例,女17例,年龄(14.47±1.55)岁。2组基线资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。2组患者干预前正性情绪、述情障碍、自我效能感比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。干预后,观察组患者正性情绪和自我效能感得分分别为(43.20±7.41)、(31.88±5.42)分,均高于对照组的(33.81±6.92)、(21.24±5.41)分,差异均有统计学意义(t=-6.19、-5.63,均P<0.05);干预后,观察组述情障碍总分为(53.44±4.68)分,低于对照组的(60.44±5.52)分,差异有统计学意义(t=-8.72,P<0.05)。结论分阶段主题绘画疗法可以有效提高儿童情绪障碍患者的正性情绪和自我效能感,改善其述情障碍水平,帮助其建立战胜疾病的信心,具有较好的临床实用性。

Objective To explore the effects of staged thematic painting therapy on positive emotions,alexithymia and self-efficacy in children with emotional disorders.Methods This was a quasi-experimental study.By convenient sampling,61 children with emotional disorders admitted from January 2022 to December 2022 to the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychology,Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University were selected as the research objects,31 patients admitted from January 2022 to June 2022 were listed as the control group and 30 patients admitted from July 2022 to December 2022 were listed as the observation group according to the time of admission.The control group was given routine psychiatric care,and the observation group was given staged thematic painting therapy on this basis.The intervention time was 6 weeks.The intervention effect was evaluated by Positive and Negative Affect Scale,Toronto Alexithymia Scale,and General Self-Efficacy Scale.Results There were 15 males and 16 females in the control group,aged(14.19±1.79)years old.There were 13 males and 17 females in the observation group,aged(14.47±1.55)years old.The difference in baseline data between the two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05)and was comparable.There was no significant difference in the score of positive emotions,alexithymia and self-efficacy before intervention between the two groups(all P>0.05).After intervention,the scores of positive emotions and self-efficacy in the observation group were(43.20±7.41),(31.88±5.42)points,which were higher than those in the control group(33.81±6.92),(21.24±5.41)points,the differences were statistically significant(t=-6.19,-5.63,both P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of alexithymia in the observation group was(53.44±4.68)points,which was lower than that in the control group(60.44±5.52)points,the difference was statistically significant(t=-8.72,P<0.05).Conclusions Staged thematic painting therapy can effectively improve the positive emotions,self-efficacy and alexithymia level of children with emotional disorders,help the patients establish confidence to overcome the disease.It is valuable in clinical practice.