自然和农田生态系统中土壤微生物群落组装的研究进展

Advances in the Assembly of Soil Microbial Communities in Natural and Farmland Ecosystems

土壤微生物群落组装与演替的机制一直是微生物生态学的研究热点,是生物多样性和生命共同体研究的核心,也是科学管理土壤微生物的基础,对充分挖掘和合理开发土壤微生物资源具有重要意义。本文系统梳理了土壤微生物群落组装的基本理论,分析了影响微生物群落组装的确定性过程与随机性过程之间平衡的因素,比较了自然生态系统和农田生态系统中土壤微生物群落组装过程的异同点,最后提出了微生物群落组装的理论和方法在农田生态系统中的应用潜力,为提升耕地质量和土壤生态系统功能提供重要的科学依据。

The mechanism of soil microbial community assembly and succession has always been the research hotspot of microbial ecology,the core of biodiversity and life community research,and the basis of scientific management of soil microorganisms.It is of great significance to fully utilize soil microbial resources.We systematically reviewed the basic theory of soil microbial community assembly,analyze the factors affecting the balance between deterministic and stochastic processes of microbial community assembly,compare the similarities and differences in the assembly process of soil microbial communities in natural and farmland ecosystems.Finally,we look forward to the application potential of the theory and methods of microbial community assembly in farmland ecosystem,which provides an important scientific basis for improving soil quality of farmland and the function of soil ecosystem.