中国近代国民财富测算方法的演化及启示

Evolution and Implications of National Wealth Measurement Methods in Modern China

如何实现财富增长几乎是各个时代经济思想家共同关注的问题,对该问题的论证不仅推动了经济学理论的发展,也促进了经济分析方法的革新。对相关刊载文本的全面检索,有助于系统归纳国民财富指标及其测算方法在近代中国的演化路径。其中,存量指标“国富”的采纳与国民财富增长问题的探讨有关,而流量指标“国民所得”的运用源于国民财富再生产问题的提出与关注。基于中国近代的历史背景,解答不同时期面临的现实问题是经济分析方法变革的原动力。从这个意义上说,经济思想变革的现实基质值得案例化考量,经济分析方法的总结与提炼也应当受到重视。

How to realize wealth growth is a common concern of economic thinkers in almost every era.A comprehensive search of relevant literature helps us systematically summarize the evolution path of national wealth indicators and their measurement methods in modern China.Among them,the adoption of the stock indicator"national wealth"is related to the discussion of national wealth growth,while the use of the flow indicator"national income"originates from the problem of national wealth reproduction.Based on the historical background of modern China,the answer to the real problems faced in different periods of time is the driving force for the change of economic analysis methods.In this sense,it is worthwhile to consider the real nature of the changes in economic thought in a case-by-case manner,and the summarization and refinement of the methods of economic analysis should also be emphasized.