面向城市一线务工人员的保障性租赁住房区位选址研究

Research on the Site Selection of Subsidized Rental Housing for Front-Line Urban Migrant Workers

大力发展保障性租赁住房是我国“十四五”时期住房建设的重点,关注城市一线务工人员的住房保障需求,尤其是建设供给符合这类人群住房特征需求的租赁住房,成为目前亟待解决的问题。在总结国内外面向这类人群住房供应相关经验的基础上,基于对建筑、环卫、绿化养护、快递等行业的城市一线务工人员的问卷调查,分析总结这类人群的住房区位共性需求,构建了生活性、便利性、经济性、发展性四维度加权总和的区位选址模型,利用上海市的相关数据进行实证分析,提出要紧密结合就业机会区域、优先考虑在社会经济密度比较集中、交通条件比较好的地段镶嵌式散点状形成此类保障住房空间供应,并合理控制每处供应规模;在房源分配管理上要因时因地动态调整提高区位房源供给的适配性,此外还应整合多方管理服务的配套支持,提高保障供应效果,实现住房保障发展的初衷和城市化发展的战略目标,为政府住房保障部门在面向城市一线务工人员的保障性租赁住房项目中的选址评估与审批提供参考。

Vigorously developing subsidized rental housing is the key task of housing construction in the period of the 14th Five-Year Plan.It has become an urgent problem to pay attention to the housing security of front-line urban migrant workers,especially to build and provide rental housing for the aforementioned group based on their housing needs.In this paper,we summarize the domestic and foreign experience,roll out questionnaires to urban migrant workers in construction,sanitation,green maintenance,express delivery and other industries,and analyze the common housing location needs of these people.Based on this,we build a four-dimensional weighted summation location model of life,convenience,economy and development,and then use the relevant data of Shanghai to carry out empirical analysis.At last,we put forward four development suggestions.Firstly,we should closely integrate the regional supply of employment opportunities.Secondly,priority needs to be given to the districts with higher economic density and easier access,to form a mosaic scatter spatial distribution,and also to reasonably control the scale of supply in each place.Thirdly,it needs dynamic adjustment to improve the adaptability of location housing supply.Fourth,we should integrate the support of multi-party management services to improve the effectiveness of security supply.So that we can realize the initial idea of subsidized housing development and the strategic objective of urbanization,and provide reference for location evaluation and authorization for government housing safeguarding departments in terms of serving the front-line migrant workers' subsidized rental housing.