“发展—基建—安全关联”:基于澜湄地区的分析

The“Development-Infrastructure-Security Nexus”:The Analysis based on the Lancang-Mekong Region

传统的“发展—安全关联”因基础设施兼具的公共产品和战略属性而扩展成为“发展—基建—安全关联”。合理、科学、可持续的基建规划会形成一个正向的关联互动。一方面,作为公共产品的基础设施与“发展”形成关联,为地区内国家的发展,乃至地区一体化进程创造机遇。另一方面,作为战略工具的基础设施与“安全”形成关联,提升政府绩效合法性,缓解群体间矛盾。反之,不合理、不科学及不可持续的基建规划会导致反向的基建关联互动,不仅会扩大发展差距、对环境构成威胁、增加债务压力,还会为国家内部、国家间的冲突矛盾制造机会窗口,而且为域外大国干扰、塑造地区秩序提供了“楔子”。当前,澜湄地区存在着严峻的发展鸿沟和基础设施赤字,是大国基建竞争的主要场域。加之地区内通过基建促发展的强烈意图,地区内的“发展”“安全”围绕着“基建”已然形成了紧密的关联体系,深刻塑造着地区内的发展、安全秩序。因此,应将澜湄地区置于“发展—基建—安全关联”的框架内分析,并积极塑造澜湄地区“发展—基建—安全关联”的正向互动。

The“Development-Security Nexus”has been evolved into the“Development-Infrastructure-Security Nexus”due to the public goods and strategic attributes of infrastructure.Reasonable,scientific and sustainable infrastructure planning forms a positive nexus interaction.On the one hand,infrastructure,as a public product,is associated with development,creating opportunities for the development of countries par⁃ticularly in the regional integration process.On the other hand,infrastructure,as a strategic tool,is associ⁃ated with security,improving the legitimacy of performance of the governments and alleviates inter-group conflicts.On the contrary,unreasonable,unscientific and unsustainable infrastructure planning reverses the nexus interaction,widening the development gap,posing a threat to the environment,increasing debt pres⁃sure,creating a window of opportunity for intra-state and inter-state conflicts and even providing a wedge for non-regional powers to interfere with and shape regional order.The Lancang-Mekong region,with its severe development gap and infrastructure deficit,is the main field of infrastructure competition among ma⁃jor powers.Coupled with the strong intention of promoting development through infrastructure construction in the region,the development and security have formed a close nexus system around the infrastructure,pro⁃foundly shaping the development and security order in the region.Therefore,the Lancang-Mekong region should be analyzed and observed in the framework of the“Development-Infrastructure-Security nexus”,and the positive interaction of the nexus should be actively shaped in the Lancang-Mekong region.