民族传统体育功能性集群对5-6岁幼儿体质水平的影响

The Effect of Functional Clusters of Ethnic Traditional Sports on the Physical Fitness Level of 5-6 Year Old Children

目的:探讨民族传统体育功能性集群对5-6岁大班幼儿体质的影响,为幼儿体质健康提供项目选择与评价依据。方法:选取两所省级示范性幼儿园大班幼儿252人为研究对象,进行为期12周的民族传统体育功能性集群干预实验,每周三次,每次25分钟。实验采用参数检验,其中男女性别组间比对采用两独立样本t检验,组内干预前后比对采用两配对样本t检验。研究结果:幼儿肌群力量(屈肘肌群、屈髋肌群、伸膝肌群、趾屈肌群、背屈肌群)和手部握力最大肌力、速度素质(动作、反应、移动)、动态平衡等身体素质,与神经-肌肉相关的“手-眼协调”“手-足协调”“视-足协调”感觉统合能力,以及“空间-距离感”等运动认知能力在民族传统体育功能性集群干预前都没有显著性差异,干预后差异显著(P<0.05)。但伸肘肌群力量和骨密度状态干预前和干预后都没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。研究结论:民族传统体育功能性集群对5-6岁幼儿身体素质、感觉统合和运动认知能力在内的综合体质健康水平有着良好的促进作用。

The objective of this paper is to investigate the effects of functional clusters of ethnic traditional sports on the physical fitness of older children aged 5-6 years,and to provide a scientific evaluation basis and effect reference for the physical health research of young children.Methods:Two provincial model kindergartens with 252 children in the top classes were selected for the study,and a 12-week experiment of functional clusters of ethnic traditional sports intervention was conducted for 25 minutes three times a week.Parametric tests were used,including two independent samples t-test for the comparison between male and female groups,and two paired samples t-test for the comparison before and after the intervention within the group.Results:There are no significant differences in children's strength of muscle group(elbow flexor,hip flexor,knee extensor,toe flexor,dorsiflexor)and hand grip maximal muscle strength,speed quality(movement,reaction,movement),dynamic balance,and neuromuscular related sensory integration abilities such as"hand-eye coordination","hand-foot coordination","visual-foot coordination",and motor cognitive abilities such as"spatial-distance perception"before the functional cluster intervention in ethnic traditional sports.There are significant differences after the intervention(p<0.05).However,there are no significant differences in elbow extension muscle group strength and bone density status before and after the intervention(P>0.05).Conclusion:Functional clusters of ethnic traditional sports have a good effect on the overall physical fitness level including physical fitness,sensory integration and motor cognitive ability of 5-6 year old children.