脱贫政策影响下蜜柚扩张特征及其效益评价——以福建省平和县为例

Expansion of Pomelo Industry Under the Influence of Poverty Alleviation Policies and Its Efficiency Evaluation:A Case Study of Pinghe County,Fujian Province

在政府主导的产业脱贫推动下,中国南方亚热带地区水果产业蓬勃发展,取得一定的脱贫成效,研究其脱贫效益具有重要意义。以福建省平和县为例,基于Landsat卫星遥感数据,研究脱贫政策影响下近30年来蜜柚种植的时空变化特征,结合问卷调查和统计数据对蜜柚的脱贫成效进行定性定量评价。结果表明:1)1989—2018年,在脱贫政策影响下,平和县蜜柚种植面积从8.97 km^(2)增长到1260.24 km^(2),增长速率呈现先增大后减小的趋势,蜜柚的新增种植主要来源于耕地占用和森林采伐。2)蜜柚种植面积与GDP、农业总产值、农民人均可支配收入呈显著正相关,平和县蜜柚面积与各经济指标之间的耦合协调度越来越高,蜜柚收入占农民年收入的比重呈先增加后略微减少的趋势。研究结果表明平和县积极的蜜柚扩张政策对于消除该县的贫困具有非常积极的作用。

Driven by the government-lead industrial poverty alleviation,the fruit industry in the subtropical region of southern China is booming,which has achieved certain poverty alleviation results.It is of great significance to quantify its poverty alleviation benefits.This study investigated the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of honey pomelo planting for the past 30 years under the influence of poverty alleviation policies in Ping County,Fujian Province.Then qualitative and quantitative research has been conducted to evaluate the poverty alleviation effect of honey pomelo expansion based on questionnaire survey and statistical data.The results showed that,1)from 1989 to 2018,under the influence of policy,the planting area of honey pomelo in Pinghe county increased from 8.97 km^(2)to 1260.24 km^(2),and the growth rate raised at first and then dropped.The new planting of honey pomelo mainly came from cultivated land occupation and forest cutting.2)There is a significant positive correlation between honey pomelo planting area and GDP,total agricultural output value and farmers per capita disposable income.3)The coupling coordination degree between honey pomelo area and various economic indicators in Pinghe County gradually increased during the last 30 years.The proportion of honey pomelo income in farmers annual income increased first and then decreased slightly.The above results indicated that the positive policy of pomelo expansion had contributed in alleviating of poverty in Pinghe County.