大红鹳整体骨骼标本的制作与形态学特征

Preparation and Morphological Characteristics of Whole Skeleton Specimen of Phoenicopterus roseus

结合传统及改进工艺,采用剥皮、去除内脏、剔肉、拆解、消化、脱脂、漂白、装架、保存等工序制作成年雄性大红鹳(Phoenicopterus roseus)整体骨骼标本。制作时,选用市售84消毒液水溶液进行软组织消化,并在剔肉时保留腕关节、肘关节、膝关节等轴关节处的肌腱组织,在装架完毕后小心剔除,以确保大面积关节接触面或细碎籽骨的精确组装。制作的骨骼标本形态完整、外观莹白,易于长期保存,适宜推广应用。同时在制作过程中,对标本进行系统的形态学观察和描述,发现大红鹳不仅具备鸟类骨骼轻便和坚固的共性,其下颌骨、颈椎及下肢骨也具备适应饮食和涉水生活习性的特性,收集的相关骨骼参数为未来鸟类的骨骼系统研究提供基础数据。

We combined the traditional and improved technology to prepare the whole skeleton specimen of the adult male greater flamingo(Phoenicopterus roseus) by peeling off the fur,eviscerating,removing the muscle,splitting the skeleton,digesting the residual muscle,degreasing,bleaching,assembling the skeleton and preservation technologies.During the preparation,we used a commercially available 84 disinfectant solution for soft tissue digestion.We also preserved the tendon at the axial joints such as wrist,elbow,and knee joints during the muscle removal process,in order to ensure precise assembly of the large joint contact surfaces or fine sesamoid bones,and we carefully removed the reserved tendon tissue after the skeleton assembly completed.Then the skeleton specimen has complete morphology,bright white appearance,and is easy to preserve for a long time.And this method is suitable for promotion and application.A systematic morphological observation and description of the specimen was also conducted during the preparation,and we found that the skeleton of greater flamingo not only had common characteristics of bird such as lightweight and sturdy,but also had unique characteristics such as the mandible,cervical spine,and hind limb bones to adapt to their diet and wading habits.Furthermore,the collection of skeleton can provide basic information for future research on bird skeletal systems.