辽宁爪鲵种群的空间遗传结构

Spatial Genetic Structure of Onychodactylus zhaoermii Population

利用13个微卫星位点对4个地理种群的辽宁爪鲵(Onychodactylus zhaoermii)进行遗传多样性及空间遗传结构研究,结果表明:230个样本中共检测到69个等位基因,各种群的差异等位基因数(Na)为1.538~4.462,遗传多样性较低。除本溪县新开村种群(PopⅣ)外,岫岩县华山村(PopⅠ)种群、辽阳县鸡爪村(PopⅡ)种群、辽阳县韩家村(PopⅢ)种群间无显著遗传分化,遗传变异主要来源于种群内部。在以水系划分种群时,表现出一定的遗传差异。在采样位点直线距离小于500 m时,辽宁爪鲵个体间具有较高的遗传相似性。4个种群之间存在3个屏障,结合地理因素,PopⅣ与其他3个种群之间形成了显著的地理阻隔,建议将各地理种群确立为一个管理单元,加强栖息地保护,减少生境片段化对辽宁爪鲵野生资源的影响。

The genetic diversity and spatial genetic structure of Onychodactylus zhaoermii from four geographic populations were studied using 13 microsatellite loci.In total of 69 alleles were detected in 230 samples,and the number of differential alleles(Na) among populations ranged from 1.538 to 4.462,with low genetic diversity.Except for the Benxi Xinkai Village population(PopⅣ),there was no significant genetic differentiation among the Xiuyan Huashan Village population(PopⅠ),Liaoyang Jizhua Village population(PopⅡ) and Liaoyang Hanjia Village population(PopⅢ),and genetic variation mainly originated from within the populations.There was a linear correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance,but it was not significant.Some genetic differences were observed when populations were divided by water system.Within 500 m distance,there was a high genetic similarity among individuals of O.zhaoermii.Three barriers existed between the four populations.A significant geographic barrier effect was formed between the Xinkai Village population(PopⅣ) and the other three populations(PopⅠ-Ⅲ).It is recommended that each geographic population should be established as a management unit and the habitat protection should be strengthened to reduce the impact of habitat fragmentation on wild resources of O.zhaoermii.